Ââåäåíî: «ÈÌÖ» ( ã. Êèåâ, óë. Ì. Êðèâîíîñà, 2à; ò/ô. 249-34-04 )
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95
ÄÅÐÆÀÂÍÈÉ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÈ
Ñèñòåìà ñòàíäàðòèçàö³¿ òà íîðìóâàííÿ â áóä³âíèöòâ³
ÊÎÍÊÓÐÅÍÒÎÑÏÐÎÌÎÆͲÑÒÜ
² ÒÎÂÀÐÎÏÐÎÑÓÂÀÍÍß ÁÓIJÂÅËÜÍÈÕ
ÌÀÒÅвÀ˲ ÒÀ ÂÈÐÎÁ²Â
ÍÀ ÇÎÂͲØÍ²Õ ÐÈÍÊÀÕ
Òåðì³íè òà âèçíà÷åííÿ
Âèäàííÿ îô³ö³éíå
̳íáóäàðõ³òåêòóðè Óêðà¿íè
Êè¿â 1995
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95
Ïåðåäìîâà
1 ÐÎÇÐÎÁËÅÍÎ
Óêðà¿íñüêèì äåðæàâíèì íàóêîâî-äîñë³äíèì ³íñòèòóòîì ìàðêåòèíãó òà çîâí³øíüîåêîíîì³÷íî¿ ³íôîðìàö³¿.
2 ÂÍÅÑÅÍÎ
Óïðàâë³ííÿì äåðæàâíèõ íîðìàòèâ³â ³ ñòàíäàðò³â ̳íáóäàðõ³òåêòóðè Óêðà¿íè
3 ÇÀÒÂÅÐÄÆÅÍÎ ÒÀ ÍÀÄÀÍÎ ×ÈÍÍÎÑÒ²
íàêàçîì ̳íáóäàðõ³òåêòóðè Óêðà¿íè â³ä 2 ëþòîãî 1995 p. ¹20
4 ÂÂÅÄÅÍÎ ÂÏÅÐØÅ
Öåé ñòàíäàðò íå ìîæå áóòè ïîâí³ñòþ àáî ÷àñòêîâî â³äòâîðåíèé, òèðàæîâàíèé òà ðîçïîâñþäæåíèé ÿê îô³ö³éíå âèäàííÿ áåç äîçâîëó ̳íáóäàðõ³òåêòóðè Óêðà¿íè
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95
Çì³ñò
C.
1. Ãàëóçü âèêîðèñòàííÿ ......................………………………….............. 1
2. Íîðìàòèâí³ ïîñèëàííÿ .....................…………………………...……. 2
3. Îñíîâí³ ïîëîæåííÿ ...................………………………………….….. 2
4. Çàãàëüí³ ïîíÿòòÿ ........................…………………………………...… 3
4.1 Êîìïëåêñíèé àíàë³ç çàðóá³æíèõ ðèíê³â áóäìàòåð³àë³â
òà âèðîá³â .......….……....................................................................... 3
4.2 Ñòâîðåííÿ êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíî¿ â³ò÷èçíÿíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ íà çîâí³øí³õ ðèíêàõ ..……………..……………………………….... 16
4.3 Òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ â³ò÷èçíÿíèõ áóäìàòåð³àë³â òà âèðîá³â
íà çîâí³øí³õ ðèíêàõ .......…………..…………………………............... 24
4.4 Îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ íà ï³äïðèºìñòâàõ òà â îðãàí³çàö³ÿõ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ áóäìàòåð³àë³â òà âèðîá³â .............. ..33
Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê óêðà¿íñüêèõ òåðì³í³â .....……………………... 44
Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê í³ìåöüêèõ òåðì³í³â ............…………………....49
Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê àíãë³éñüêèõ òåðì³í³â ...........…………………. 54
Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê ôðàíöóçüêèõ òåðì³í³â ...……………………… 59
Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê ðîñ³éñüêèõ òåðì³í³â ...........…………………... 64
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 c.1
ÄÅÐÆÀÂÍÈÉ ÑÒÀÍÄÀÐÒ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÈ
Ñèñòåìà ñòàíäàðòèçàö³¿ òà íîðìóâàííÿ
â áóä³âíèöòâ³
Êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòü
³ òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ áóä³âåëüíèõ
ìàòåð³àë³â òà âèðîá³â íà çîâí³øí³õ ðèíêàõ
Òåðì³íè òà âèçíà÷åííÿ
Ñèñòåìà ñòàíäàðòèçàöèè è íîðìèðîâàíèÿ
â ñòðîèòåëüñòâå
Êîíêóðåíòîñïîñîáíîñòü
è òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèå ñòðîèòåëüíûõ
ìàòåðèàëîâ è èçäåëèé íà âíåøíèõ ðûíêàõ
Òåðìèíû è îïðåäåëåíèÿ
Standardization and normalization systems
in construction
Competitiveness and promotion of building
products and wares at international markets
Terms and definitions
×èííèé â³ä 1995-07-01
1 ÃÀËÓÇÜ ÂÈÊÎÐÈÑÒÀÍÍß
1.1 Öåé ñòàíäàðò óñòàíîâëþº òåðì³íè òà âèçíà÷åííÿ ïîíÿòü, ïîâ'ÿçàíèõ ç êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòþ ³ òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿì â³ò÷èçíÿíèõ áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àë³â òà âèðîá³â íà çîâí³øí³õ ðèíêàõ.
1.2 Òåðì³íè, ðåãëàìåíòîâàí³ â öüîìó ñòàíäàðò³, îáîâ'ÿçêîâ³ äëÿ âèêîðèñòàííÿ â óñ³õ âèäàõ íîðìàòèâíî¿ äîêóìåíòàö³¿, ó äîâ³äêîâ³é òà íàâ÷àëüíî-ìåòîäè÷í³é ë³òåðàòóð³, ùî íàëåæèòü äî ãàëóç³ áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àë³â, à òàêîæ äëÿ ðîá³ò ³ç ñòàíäàðòèçàö³¿ àáî ïðè âèêîðèñòàíí³ ðåçóëüòàò³â öèõ ðîá³ò, âêëþ÷àþ÷è ïðîãðàìí³ çàñîáè äëÿ êîìï'þòåðíèõ ñèñòåì.
Âèäàííÿ îô³ö³éíå
2 ÍÎÐÌÀÒÈÂͲ ÏÎÑÈËÀÍÍß
Ó öüîìó ñòàíäàðò³ º ïîñèëàííÿ íà òàê³ íîðìàòèâí³ äîêóìåíòè:
|
ÄÑÒÓ 1.2-93 |
Äåðæàâíà ñèñòåìà ñòàíäàðòèçàö³¿ Óêðà¿íè. Ïîðÿäîê ðîçðîáëåííÿ äåðæàâíèõ ñòàíäàðò³â.
|
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ÄÑÒÓ 1.5-93
|
Äåðæàâíà ñèñòåìà ñòàíäàðòèçàö³¿ Óêðà¿íè. Çàãàëüí³ âèìîãè äî ïîáóäîâè, âèêëàäó, îôîðìëåííÿ òà çì³ñòó ñòàíäàðò³â
|
|
ÊÍÄ 50.011.93 |
Îñíîâí³ ïîëîæåííÿ òà ïîðÿäîê ðîçðîáêè ñòàíäàðò³â íà òåðì³íè òà âèçíà÷åííÿ.
|
3.1 Äëÿ êîæíîãî ïîíÿòòÿ âñòàíîâëåíî îäèí ñòàíäàðòèçîâàíèé òåðì³í.
3.2 Ïîäàí³ âèçíà÷åííÿ ìîæíà â ðàç³ íåîáõ³äíîñò³ ðîçâèâàòè øëÿõîì ââåäåííÿ äî íèõ ïîõ³äíèõ îçíàê, ÿê³ äîïîâíþþòü çíà÷åííÿ òåðì³í³â, ùî âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ. Äîïîâíåííÿ íå ìîæóòü ïîðóøóâàòè îáñÿã ³ çì³ñò ïîíÿòü, âèçíà÷åíèõ ó ñòàíäàðò³.
3.3 Ó ñòàíäàðò³ ÿê äîâ³äêîâ³ ïîäàí³ í³ìåöüê³ (de), àíãë³éñüê³ (en), ôðàíöóçüê³ (fr) òà ðîñ³éñüê³ (ru) â³äïîâ³äíèêè ñòàíäàðòèçîâàíèõ òåðì³í³â, à òàêîæ âèçíà÷åííÿ ðîñ³éñüêîþ ìîâîþ.
3.4 Ó ñòàíäàðò³ íàâåäåíî àáåòêîâèé ïîêàæ÷èê òåðì³í³â óêðà¿íñüêîþ ìîâîþ òà àáåòêîâ³ ïîêàæ÷èêè ³íøîìîâíèõ â³äïîâ³äíèê³â ñòàíäàðòèçîâàíèõ òåðì³í³â êîæíîþ ìîâîþ îêðåìî.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À. 1.1-68-95 ñ.3
4 ÇÀÃÀËÜͲ ÏÎÍßÒÒß
4.1.1 Ñâ³òîâèé ðèíîê de
en
fr
ru
Ñôåðà ñò³éêèõ òîâàðíî-ãðîøîâèõ â³äíîñèí ì³æ êðà¿íàìè, â òîìó ÷èñë³ ì³æ òèìè, ÿê³ íàëåæàòü äî ð³çíèõ ñîö³àëüíî-åêîíîì³÷íèõ ñèñòåì, ³ ÿê³ ïîâ’ÿçàí³ ì³æ ñîáîþ ó÷àñòþ â ì³æíàðîäíîìó ðîçïîä³ë³ ïðàö³.
4.1.1.1 Ðèíîê de
en
fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü îêðåìèõ ñåãìåíò³â ñïîæèâà÷³â, ÿê³ äèôåðåíö³þþòü êóï³âåëüíèé ïîïèò ³ ôîðìóþòüñÿ â ðåçóëüòàò³ åêîíîì³÷íèõ, ñîö³àëüíèõ ³ ïñèõîëîã³÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â.
4.1.1.2 Ðèíîê ïîêóïöÿ de
en
fr
ru
Ñèòóàö³ÿ íà ðèíêó, êîëè ïðîïîçèö³ÿ âèðîáíèê³â ³ ïðîäàâö³â òîâàðó ïåðåâèùóº ïîïèò íà íüîãî çà ³ñíóþ÷èìè ö³íàìè, â ðåçóëüòàò³ ÷îãî ö³íè ïàäàþòü.
4.1.1.3 Ðèíîê ïðîäàâöÿ de
en
fr
ru
Weltmarkt (m)
world market
marcheé (m) mondial
ìèðîâîé ðûíîê
Ñôåðà óñòîé÷èâûõ òîâàðíî-äåíåæíûõ îòíîøåíèé ìåæäó ñòðàíàìè, â òîì ÷èñëå ïðèíàäëåæàùèìè ê ðàçëè÷íûì ñîöèàëüíî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèì ñèñòåìàì, ñâÿçàííûìè ìåæäó ñîáîé ó÷àñòèåì â ìåæäóíàðîäíîì ðàçäåëåíèè òðóäà.
Markt (m)
market
marché (m)
ðûíîê
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü îòäåëüíûõ ñåãìåíòîâ ïîòðåáèòåëåé, êîòîðûå äèôôåðåíöèðóþò ïîêóïàòåëüñêèé ñïðîñ è ôîðìèðóþòñÿ â ðåçóëüòàòå êîìïëåêñíîãî âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ, äåìîãðàôè÷åñêèõ, ñîöèàëüíûõ è ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ.
Kaufmarkt (m)
buyer's market
marché (m) acheteur
ðûíîê ïîêóïàòåëÿ
Ñèòóàöèÿ íà ðûíêå, êîãäà ïðåäëîæåíèå ïðîèçâîäèòåëåé è ïðîäàâöîâ òîâàðà ïðåâûøàåò ñïðîñ íà íåãî ïî ñóùåñòâóþùèì öåíàì, â ðåçóëüòàòå ÷åãî öåíû ïàäàþò.
Verkäufermarkt (m)
seller's market
marché (m) vendéur
ðûíîê ïðîäàâöà
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.4
Ñèòóàö³ÿ íà ðèíêó, êîëè ïðîäàâö³ ìàþòü ïåðåâàãó, îñê³ëüêè ïîòðåáà ïîêóïö³â ïðèäáàòè ùî-íåáóäü çà çàïðîïîíîâàíèìè ö³íàìè ïåðåâèùóº ìîæëèâîñò³ ïðîäàâö³â ùîäî íàñè÷åííÿ ðèíêó.
4.1.1.4 Ðèíîê âèðîáíèêà de en
fr
ru
Îðãàí³çàö³¿, ùî êóïóþòü òîâàðè ³ ïîñëóãè äëÿ âèêîðèñòàííÿ ¿õ â ïðîöåñ³ âèðîáíèöòâà
4.1.1.5 Ðèíîê ÷èñòî¿ êîíêóðåíö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü ïðîäàâö³â ³ ïîêóïö³â, ÿê³ ïðîâîäÿòü îïåðàö³¿ ç ïîä³áíèì òîâàðíèì ïðîäóêòîì â ñèòóàö³¿, êîëè æîäåí îêðåìèé ïîêóïåöü àáî ïðîäàâåöü ñóòòºâî íå âïëèâຠíà ð³âåíü ïîòî÷íèõ ö³í.
4.1.2 Äîñë³äæåííÿ òîâàðíîãî de
ðèíêó en
fr
ru
ʳëüê³ñíèé ³ ÿê³ñíèé àíàë³ç ïîë³òè÷íèõ, åêîíîì³÷íèõ, íàóêîâî-òåõí³÷íèõ, ñîö³àëüíèõ ôàêòîð³â, ÿê³ áåçïîñåðåäíüî ÷è ïîá³÷íî âïëèâàþòü íà îáñÿã ³ åôåêòèâí³ñòü ïðîäàæó òîâàðó íà êîíêðåòíîìó ðèíêó ÷è ñåãìåíò³ ðèíêó ç ìåòîþ îäåðæàííÿ äîñòîâ³ðíî¿ ³íôîðìàö³¿
Ñèòóàöèÿ íà ðûíêå, êîãäà ïðîäàâöû èìåþò ïðåèìóùåñòâî, ïîñêîëüêó ïîòðåáíîñòè ïîêóïàòåëåé ïðèîáðåòàòü ÷òî-íèáóäü ïî ïðåäëîæåííûì öåíàì ïðåâûøàþò âîçìîæíîñòè ïðîäàâöîâ ïî íàñûùåíèþ ðûíêà.
Produzentmarkt (m)
producer market
marché (m) producteur
ðûíîê ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ
Îðãàíèçàöèè, ïðèîáðåòàþùèå òîâàðû è óñëóãè äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ èõ â ïðîöåññå ïðîèçâîäñòâà.
Markt (m)der Reinkonkurrenz market of pure competition marché(m) de concurrence pure ðûíîê ÷èñòîé êîíêóðåíöèè
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü ïðîäàâöîâ è ïîêóïàòåëåé, ñîâåðøàþùèõ ñäåëêè ñî ñõîäíûì òîâàðíûì ïðîäóêòîì â ñèòóàöèè, êîãäà íè îäèí îòäåëüíûé ïîêóïàòåëü èëè ïðîäàâåö íå îêàçûâàåò áîëüøîãî âëèÿíèÿ íà óðîâåíü òåêóùèõ öåí.
market research
prospecter (m) lo marché de
marchandises
èññëåäîâàíèå òîâàðíîãî ðûíêà
Êà÷åñòâåííûé è êîëè÷åñòâåííûé àíàëèç ïîëèòè÷åñêèõ, ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ, íàó÷íî-òåõíè÷åñêèõ, ñîöèàëüíûõ ôàêòîðîâ, îêàçûâàþùèõ íåïîñðåäñòâåííîå èëè êîñâåííîå âëèÿíèå íà îáúåì è ýôôåêòèâíîñòü ïðîäàæè òîâàðà íà êîíêðåòíîì ðûíêå èëè ñåãìåíòå ðûíêà â öåëÿõ ïîëó÷åíèÿ
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.5
äëÿ ïðèéíÿòòÿ îïòèìàëüíèõ ð³øåíü ùîäî ðîçðîáêè ïðîãðàì ìàðêåòèíãó ³ îðãàí³çàö³¿ âèðîáíè÷î-êîìåðö³éíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ï³äïðèºìñòâà - âèðîáíèêà ³ åêñïîðòåðà.
4.1.2.1 Àíàë³ç ïîë³òè÷íèõ de ôàêòîð³â en
fr
ru
Àíàë³ç, ãîëîâíîþ ìåòîþ ÿêîãî º âèÿâëåííÿ åêîíîì³÷íîãî âïëèâó çì³í ó ìåòîäàõ äåðæàâíîãî ðåãóëþâàííÿ, ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ïðîôñï³ëêîâèõ îðãàí³çàö³é, âèçíà÷åííÿ âïëèâó çàêîíîäàâ÷èõ çì³í íà âèðîáíè÷î-çáóòîâó ä³ÿëüí³ñòü, ïðîãíîç åôåêòó çîâí³øíüîïîë³òè÷íèõ ïîä³é íà çì³íè ïåðñïåêòèâ ðîçâèòêó ðèíê³â ó òèõ ÷è ³íøèõ äåðæàâàõ, ðåã³îíàõ.
4.1.2.1.1 Ïðîòåêö³îí³çì de
en
fr
ru
Åêîíîì³÷íà ïîë³òèêà äåðæàâè, ÿêà ìຠñâîºþ ìåòîþ çàõèñò íàö³îíàëüíîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà â³ä ³íîçåìíî¿ êîíêóðåíö³¿ øëÿõîì ââåäåííÿ âèñîêîãî ìèòà íà òîâàðè, ÿê³ çàâîçÿòüñÿ äî êðà¿íè, îáìåæåííÿ àáî ïîâíî¿ çàáîðîíè ââåçåííÿ ïåâíèõ òîâàð³â.
4.1.2.1.2 Ìèòíèé òàðèô de
en fr ru
Ñèñòåìà ñòàâîê, ÿêà âèçíà÷ຠðîçì³ð ïëàòí³ çà ñèñòåìàòèçîâàíèé ïåðåë³ê òîâàð³â.
äîñòîâåðíîé èíôîðìàöèè äëÿ ïðèíÿòèÿ îïòèìàëüíûõ ðåøåíèé ïî ðàçðàáîòêå ïðîãðàìì ìàðêåòèíãà è îðãàíèçàöèè ïðîèçâîäñòâåííî-êîììåð÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ-ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ è ýêñïîðòåðà.
Analyse (m) der politischen Faktoren
political factors analysis
analyse (f) les facteurs politique
àíàëèç ïîëèòè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ
Àíàëèç, îñíîâíîé öåëüþ êîòîðîãî ÿâëÿåòñÿ âûÿâëåíèå ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî âëèÿíèÿ èçìåíåíèé â ìåòîäàõ ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî ðåãóëèðîâàíèÿ, äåéñòâèé ïðîôñîþçíûõ îðãàíèçàöèé, îïðåäåëåíèÿ âîçäåéñòâèÿ çàêîíîäàòåëüíûõ èçìåíåíèé íà ïðîèçâîäñòâåííî-ñáûòîâóþ äåÿòåëüíîñòü, ïðîãíîç ýôôåêòà âíåøíåïîëèòè÷åñêèõ ñîáûòèé íà èçìåíåíèå ïåðñïåêòèâ ðàçâèòèÿ ðûíêîâ â òåõ èëè èíûõ ãîñóäàðñòâàõ è ðåãèîíàõ.
Protektionismus (m) protectionism protectionnisme (m) ïðîòåêöèîíèçì
Ýêîíîìè÷åñêàÿ ïîëèòèêà ãîñóäàðñòâà, èìåþùàÿ öåëüþ îãðàäèòü íàöèîíàëüíîå õîçÿéñòâî îò èíîñòðàííîé êîíêóðåíöèè ïóòåì ââåäåíèÿ âûñîêèõ ïîøëèí íà ââîçèìûå â ñòðàíó òîâàðû, îãðàíè÷åíèÿ èëè ïîëíîãî çàïðåùåíèÿ ââîçà îïðåäåëåííûõ òîâàðîâ.
Zölltarife (m)
customs tariff, duty rate tarif (m) de douane òàìîæåííûé òàðèô
Ñèñòåìà ñòàâîê, îïðåäåëÿþùàÿ ðàçìåð ïëàòû çà ñèñòåìàòèçèðîâàííûé ïåðå÷åíü òîâàðîâ.
ÄÑÒÓÁÀ.1.1-68-95 ñ.6
4.1.2.1.3 Ìèòî de
en
fr
ru
Ãðîøîâèé çá³ð, ÿêèé ñòÿãóºòüñÿ äåðæàâîþ ÷åðåç ìåðåæó ìèòíèõ çàêëàä³â ç òîâàð³â, ìàéíà ³ ö³ííîñòåé ïðè ïåðåòèí³ íèìè êîðäîí³â êðà¿íè.
4.1.2.1.4 Ìèòíèé çá³ð de
en
fr
ru
Äîäàòêîâèé çá³ð, ÿêèé ñòÿãóºòüñÿ ïîâåðõ ìèòà.
4.1.2.1.5 ²ìïîðòíà êâîòà de
en
fr
ru
1. Íåòàðèôí³ ê³ëüê³ñí³ (âàðò³ñíèé ÷è íàòóðàëüíèé) ñïîñîáè îáìåæåííÿ ââîçó ïåâíèõ òîâàð³â äî êðà¿íè.
2. Åêîíîì³÷íèé ïîêàçíèê, ÿêèé õàðàêòåðèçóº âàæëèâ³ñòü ³ìïîðòó äëÿ íàö³îíàëüíîãî ãîñïîäàðñòâà â ö³ëîìó, à òàêîæ äëÿ îêðåìèõ ãàëóçåé ³ âèðîáíèöòâ ïî ð³çíèõ âèäàõ ïðîäóêö³¿.
4.1.2.1.6 Åìáàðãî de
en
fr
ru
Çàáîðîíà
äåðæàâíîþ âëàäîþ ââîçó äî
êðà¿íè ÷è âèâîçó ç íå¿ âàëþòè, çîëîòà, òîâàð³â, ö³ííèõ ïàïåð³â.
Zölle (m)
customs, custom(s) duty
droit (m) de douane
òàìîæåííàÿ ïîøëèíà
Äåíåæíûé ñáîð, âçèìàåìûé ãîñóäàðñòâîì ÷åðåç ñåòü òàìîæåííûõ ó÷ðåæäåíèé ñ òîâàðîâ, èìóùåñòâà è öåííîñòåé ïðè ïåðåñå÷åíèè èìè ãðàíèöû ñòðàíû.
Zöllabgaben (f)
customhouse fees
taxe (f) de douane òàìîæåííûé ñáîð
Äîïîëíèòåëüíûé ñáîð, âçûìàåìûé ñâåðõ òàìîæåííûõ ïîøëèí.
Einfuhrquote (f)
import quota
contingent (m) d'importation
èìïîðòíàÿ êâîòà
1. Íåòàðèôíûå êîëè÷åñòâåííûå (ñòîèìîñòíûé èëè íàòóðàëüíûé) ñïîñîáû îãðàíè÷åíèÿ ââîçà îïðåäåëåííûõ òîâàðîâ â ñòðàíó.
2. Ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé ïîêàçàòåëü, õàðàêòåðèçóþùèé çíà÷èìîñòü èìïîðòà äëÿ íàöèîíàëüíîãî õîçÿéñòâà â öåëîì, à òàêæå äëÿ îòäåëüíûõ îòðàñëåé è ïðîèçâîäñòâ ïî ðàçëè÷íûì âèäàì ïðîäóêöèè.
Embargo (n)
embargo
embargo (m)
ýìáàðãî
Çàïðåùåíèå ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé âëàñòüþ ââîçà â ñòðàíó èëè âûâîçà èç íåå âàëþòû, çîëîòà, òîâàðîâ, öåííûõ áóìàã.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.7
4.1.2.1.7 Íåòàðèôí³ áàð'ºðè de
en fr ru
Îáìåæóâàëüí³ çàõîäè â ì³æíàðîäí³é òîðã³âë³, ÿê³ âêëþ÷àþòü ó ñåáå äèñêðèì³íàö³þ ïðîïîçèö³é â³ä êîíêðåòíî¿ êðà¿íè àáî íàÿâí³ñòü âèðîáíè÷èõ ñòàíäàðò³â, äèñêðèì³íàö³éíèõ ïî â³äíîøåííþ äî òîâàð³â ÿêî¿-íåáóäü êðà¿íè.
4.1.2.2 Àíàë³ç çàãàëüíî- de åêîíîì³÷íî¿ ñèòóàö³¿
en
fr
ru
Àíàë³ç, ãîëîâíîþ ìåòîþ ÿêîãî º âèÿâëåííÿ çàãàëüíîåêîíîì³÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â, ÿê³ ìîæóòü âïëèíóòè íà óìîâè çáóòó íà äàíîìó ðèíêó.
4.1.2.2.1 Íàö³îíàëüíèé äîõîä de
en fr ru
1. Âàðò³ñòü, ñòâîðåíà çíîâó ïðîòÿãîì ïåâíîãî ïåð³îäó â íàðîäíîìó ãîñïîäàðñòâ³ ò³º¿ ÷è ³íøî¿ êðà¿íè.
2. ×àñòèíà âàëîâîãî ñóñï³ëüíîãî ïðîäóêòó, ÿêà çàëèøàºòüñÿ ï³ñëÿ â³äðàõóâàííÿ ìàòåð³àëüíèõ âèòðàò, âèòðà÷åíèõ íà éîãî âèðîáíèöòâî. Âèðàæຠâåñü îá'ºì ÷èñòî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ êðà¿íè.
Untarifschranke (m)
non-tariff barrier
barrières (f) non tarifaires íåòàðèôíûå áàðüåðû
Îãðàíè÷èòåëüíûå ìåðû â ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëå, âêëþ÷àþùèå â ñåáÿ äèñêðèìèíàöèþ ïðåäëîæåíèé èç êîíêðåòíîé ñòðàíû èëè íàëè÷èå ïðîèçâîäñòâåííûõ ñòàíäàðòîâ, äèñêðèìèíàöèîííûõ ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê òîâàðàì êàêîé-ëèáî ñòðàíû.
Analyse (f) der gesamt ökonomischen Situation
general economic situation analysis analyse (f) de la situation polituque général
àíàëèç îáùåýêîíîìè÷åñêîé ñèòóàöèè
Àíàëèç, îñíîâíîé öåëüþ êîòîðîãî ÿâëÿåòñÿ âûÿâëåíèå îáùåýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ, êîòîðûå ìîãóò ïîâëèÿòü íà óñëîâèÿ ñáûòà íà äàííîì ðûíêå.
Nationaleinkommen (n)
national income
revenu (m) national
íàöèîíàëüíûé äîõîä
1. Ñòîèìîñòü, âíîâü ñîçäàííàÿ â òå÷åíèå îïðåäåëåííîãî ïåðèîäà â íàðîäíîì õîçÿéñòâå òîé èëè èíîé ñòðàíû.
2. ×àñòü âàëîâîãî îáùåñòâåííîãî ïðîäóêòà, êîòîðàÿ îñòàåòñÿ çà âû÷åòîì ìàòåðèàëüíûõ çàòðàò, èçðàñõîäîâàííûõ íà åãî ïðîèçâîäñòâî. Âûðàæàåò âåñü îáúåì ÷èñòîé ïðîäóêöèè ñòðàíû.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.8
4.1.2.2.2 Âàëîâèé íàö³îíàëüíèé de ïðîäóêò en
fr
ru
Çàãàëüíà ñóìà òîâàð³â ³ ïîñëóã â ãðîøîâîìó âèðàç³ ³ ðèíêîâèõ ö³íàõ, ÿêà çíàõîäèòüñÿ â ðîçïîðÿäæåíí³ äàíî¿ êðà¿íè çà ïåâíèé ïåð³îä ÷àñó.
4.1.2.2.2.1 Äåôëÿòîð de
en
fr
ru
Ïîêàçíèê ðîçá³æíîñò³ ì³æ ðåàëüíèì ³ íîì³íàëüíèì âàëîâèì íàö³îíàëüíèì ïðîäóêòîì, ÿêèé õàðàêòåðèçóº çàãàëüíèé ð³âåíü ³íôëÿö³¿ â åêîíîì³ö³ êðà¿íè.
4.1.2.2.3 Âàëîâèé ñóñï³ëüíèé de ïðîäóêò (ÂÑÏ) en
fr
ru
Ñóìà ìàòåð³àëüíèõ áëàã, ñòâîðåíèõ ñóñï³ëüñòâîì çà ïåâíèé ïåð³îä. Çàãàëüíèé îá'ºì ÂÑÏ âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ ÿê ñóìà âàëîâî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ âñ³õ ï³äïðèºìñòâ ñôåðè ìàòåð³àëüíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà áåç óðàõóâàííÿ âíóòð³øíüîçàâîäñüêîãî îáîðîòó ïðîäóêö³¿, àëå ç óðàõóâàííÿì îáîðîòó ãîòîâèõ âèðîá³â ³ ïîñëóã ì³æ ï³äïðèºìñòâàìè.
4.1.2.3 Àíàë³ç êóëüòóðíèõ òà de
äåìîãðàô³÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â
en
Bruttonationalprodukt (f)
gross national product
produit (m) national brut
âàëîâûé íàöèîíàëüíûé ïðîäóêò (ÂÍÏ)
Îáùàÿ ñóììà òîâàðîâ è óñëóã â äåíåæíîì âûðàæåíèè è ðûíî÷íûõ öåíàõ, íàõîäÿùàÿñÿ â ðàñïîðÿæåíèè äàííîé ñòðàíû çà îïðåäåëåííûé ïåðèîä âðåìåíè.
Deflator (f)
deflator
deflator (f)
äåôëÿòîð
Ïîêàçàòåëü ðàñõîæäåíèÿ ìåæäó ðåàëüíûì è íîìèíàëüíûì âàëîâûì íàöèîíàëüíûì ïðîäóêòîì, õàðàêòåðèçóåò îáùèé óðîâåíü èíôëÿöèè â ýêîíîìèêå ñòðàíû.
gesellschaftliches Gesamtprodukt (n) gross social product
produit (m) matériel brut
âàëîâûé îáùåñòâåííûé ïðîäóêò (ÂÎÏ)
Ñóììà ìàòåðèàëüíûõ áëàã, ïðîèçâåäåííûõ îáùåñòâîì çà îïðåäåëåííûé ïåðèîä. Îáùèé îáúåì ÂÎÏ îïðåäåëÿåòñÿ êàê ñóììà âàëîâîé ïðîäóêöèè âñåõ ïðåäïðèÿòèé ñôåðû ìàòåðèàëüíîãî ïðîèçâîäñòâà áåç ó÷åòà âíóòðèçàâîäñêîãî îáîðîòà ïðîäóêöèè, íî ñ ó÷åòîì îáîðîòà ãîòîâûõ èçäåëèé è óñëóã ìåæäó ïðåäïðèÿòèÿìè.
Analyse (f) der Kulturellen und demographischen Faktoren
culture and demography factors
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.9
fr
ru
Àíàë³ç, ÿêèé âèÿâëÿº çì³íè â ñòðóêòóð³ ñïîæèâàííÿ, ñìàêàõ ³ ñòèë³ æèòòÿ íàñåëåííÿ â ö³ëîìó ³ éîãî îêðåìèõ äåìîãðàô³÷íèõ ãðóï ç ìåòîþ ïîïåðåäèòè ðîçâèòîê íîâèõ âèä³â ³ çíèêíåííÿ òðàäèö³éíèõ ïîòðåá, ïðîñë³äêóâàòè âïëèâ òàêèõ çì³í íà ñòðóêòóðó âèðîáíèöòâà.
4.1.2.4 Ñåãìåíòàö³ÿ ðèíêó de
en
fr
ru
Ïðîöåñ âèÿâëåííÿ íàéá³ëüø ñïðèÿòëèâèõ óìîâ íà ðèíêó ç ìåòîþ âèáîðó âàð³àíòó îð³ºíòàö³¿ âèðîáíè÷î-çáóòîâî¿ ïîë³òèêè.
4.1.2.4.1 Ñåãìåíò ðèíêó de
en fr ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü ñïîæèâà÷³â, ùî îäíàêîâî ðåàãóþòü íà îäèí ³ òîé ñàìèé íàá³ð ñïîíóêàëüíèõ ñòèìóë³â ìàðêåòèíãó.
4.1.2.5 Äèâåðñèô³êàö³ÿ de
en fr ru
Âèä ñòðàòå㳿 ìàðêåòèíãó, íàïðàâëåíèé íà ðîçøèðåííÿ ê³ëüêîñò³ ñôåð ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ô³ðìè íà ðèíêàõ íîâèõ ïðîäóêò³â,
analysis
analyse (f) des facteurs culturels et demographies
àíàëèç êóëüòóðíûõ è äåìîãðàôè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ
Àíàëèç, âûÿâëÿþùèé ñäâèãè â ñòðóêòóðå ïîòðåáëåíèÿ, âêóñàõ è ñòèëå æèçíè íàñåëåíèÿ â öåëîì è åãî îòäåëüíûõ äåìîãðàôè÷åñêèõ ãðóïï ñ öåëüþ ïðåäâîñõèòèòü ðàçâèòèå íîâûõ âèäîâ è èñ÷åçíîâåíèå òðàäèöèîííûõ ïîòðåáíîñòåé, ïðîñëåäèòü âîçäåéñòâèå òàêèõ èçìåíåíèé íà ñòðóêòóðó ïðîèçâîäñòâà.
Marktsegmentation (f)
segmentation
dislocation (f) le marché ñåãìåíòàöèÿ ðûíêà
Ïðîöåññ âûÿâëåíèÿ íàèáîëåå áëàãîïðèÿòíûõ óñëîâèé íà ðûíêå ñ öåëüþ âûáîðà âàðèàíòà îðèåíòàöèè ïðîèçâîäñòâåííî-ñáûòîâîé ïîëèòèêè.
Marktsegment (n)
segment of market
part (f) du marché
ñåãìåíò ðûíêà
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü ïîòðåáèòåëåé, îäèíàêîâî ðåàãèðóþùèõ íà îäèí , è òîò æå íàáîð ïîáóäèòåëüíûõ ñòèìóëîâ ìàðêåòèíãà.
Diversifikation (f)
diversification
diversification (f)
äèâåðñèôèêàöèÿ
Âèä ñòðàòåãèè ìàðêåòèíãà, íàïðàâëåííûé íà ðàñøèðåíèå ÷èñëà ñôåð äåÿòåëüíîñòè ôèðìû íà ðûíêàõ íîâûõ ïðîäóêòîâ,
ÄÑÒÓÁÀ.1.1-68-95 ñ.10
âèðîáíèöòâî ÿêèõ íå ïîâ'ÿçàíî ç îñíîâíèì âèðîáíèöòâîì.
4.1.3 Êîí'þíêòóðà òîâàðíîãî de ðèíêó en
fr
ru
Ðåçóëüòàò âçàºìî䳿 ôàêòîð³â ³ óìîâ, ÿê³ âèçíà÷àþòü ñòðóêòóðó, äèíàì³êó ³ ñï³ââ³äíîøåííÿ ïîïèòó ³ ïðîïîçèö³¿ òîâàðó, ùî ðîçãëÿäàºòüñÿ.
4.1.3.1 Ïîïèò de
en fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü âèìîã íà òîâàðè ç áîêó ïîêóïöÿ.
4.1.3.1.1 Äîñë³äæåííÿ ïîïèòó de
en fr ru
Ïåðøèé åòàï â äîñë³äæåíí³ êîí'þíêòóðè ðèíêó çáóòó, ÿêèé ïîëÿãຠó âñåá³÷íîìó âèâ÷åíí³ ñïîæèâà÷à: õàðàêòåðèñòèêà ñìàê³â, äèôåðåíö³àö³ÿ ñòðóêòóðè ïîòðåá çà ãðóïàìè ñïîæèâà÷³â, âèÿâëåííÿ íåçàäîâîëåíèõ ïîòðåá, àíàë³ç ìîòèâ³â íàäàííÿ ïåðåâàãè òèì ÷è ³íøèì òîâàðàì.
4.1.3.1.2 Àíàë³ç ðîçì³ð³â ïîïèòó de en
fr
ru
Àíàë³ç, íàïðàâëåíèé íà âèÿâëåííÿ ðîçðèâó ì³æ ïîïèòîì ³ ïðîïîçèö³ºþ äëÿ âèíåñåííÿ ð³øåííÿ ïðî íàéá³ëüø
ïðîèçâîäñòâî êîòîðûõ íå ñâÿçàíî ñ îñíîâíûì ïðîèçâîäñòâîì.
Konjunktur (f) des Warenmarkts
market conjuncture
conjoncture (f) du marché de
marchandises
êîíúþíêòóðà òîâàðíîãî ðûíêà
Ðåçóëüòàò âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ôàêòîðîâ è óñëîâèé, îïðåäåëÿþùèõ ñòðóêòóðó, äèíàìèêó è ñîîòíîøåíèå ñïðîñà è ïðåäëîæåíèÿ ðàññìàòðèâàåìîãî òîâàðà.
Bedarf (m), Nachfrage (f)
demand
demande (f)
ñïðîñ
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü òðåáîâàíèé íà òîâàðû ñî ñòîðîíû ïîêóïàòåëÿ
Bedarfsermittlung (f)
demand research
recherche (f) de demande èññëåäîâàíèå ñïðîñà
Ïåðâûé ýòàï â èññëåäîâàíèè êîíúþíêòóðû ðûíêîâ ñáûòà, êîòîðûé çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ âî âñåñòîðîííåì èçó÷åíèè ïîòðåáèòåëÿ:
õàðàêòåðèñòèêà âêóñîâ, äèôôåðåíöèàöèÿ ñòðóêòóðû ïîòðåáíîñòåé ïî ãðóïïàì ïîòðåáèòåëåé, âûÿâëåíèå íåóäîâëåòâîðåííûõ ïîòðåáíîñòåé, àíàëèç ìîòèâîâ ïðåäïî÷òåíèÿ òåõ èëè èíûõ òîâàðîâ.
Analyse (f) des Bedarfsaunsmaßes demand analysis
analyse (f) montant de la demande àíàëèç ðàçìåðîâ ñïðîñà
Àíàëèç, íàïðàâëåííûé íà âûÿâëåíèå ðàçðûâà ìåæäó ñïðîñîì è ïðåäëîæåíèåì äëÿ âûíåñåíèÿ ðåøåíèÿ î íàèáîëåå
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.11
ïðèáóòêîâ³ íàïðÿìêè âèðîáíèöòâà.
4.1.3.1.3 Åëàñòè÷í³ñòü ïîïèòó de
en
fr
ru
Ïîêàçíèê, ÿêèé õàðàêòåðèçóº, íà ñê³ëüêè â³äñîòê³â ìîæå çì³íèòèñÿ ïîïèò íà â³ëüíîìó ðèíêó íà äàíèé òîâàð ïðè çì³í³ éîãî ö³íè íà îäèí â³äñîòîê. Øèðîêî âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ äëÿ ïðèéíÿòòÿ ð³øåíü ïðî ð³âåíü çì³íè ö³íè.
4.1.3.1.4 Åëàñòè÷íèé ïîïèò de
en
fr
ru
Ïîïèò, ÿêèé ìຠòåíäåíö³þ çì³íþâàòèñÿ â çàëåæíîñò³ â³ä íåçíà÷íèõ êîëèâàíü ö³í
4.1.3.1.5 Íååëàñòè÷íèé ïîïèò de
en
fr
ru
Ïîïèò, ÿêèé ìຠòåíäåíö³þ çàëèøàòèñÿ íåçì³ííèì, íå äèâëÿ÷èñü íà íåâåëèê³ çì³íè ö³í.
4.1.3.1.6 Ïîòåíö³éíèé ïîïèò de
en
fr
ru
Ïîïèò, ÿêèé âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ êóï³âåëüíîþ ñïðîìîæí³ñòþ ³ ê³ëüê³ñòþ ïîòåíö³éíèõ ñïîæèâà÷³â.
4.1.3.2 Ïðîïîçèö³ÿ de
en
fr
ru
ïðèáûëüíûõ íàïðàâëåíèÿõ ïðîèçâîäñòâà
Elasticity of demand
elasticité (f) de la demande
Ýëàñòè÷íîñòü ñïðîñà
Ïîêàçàòåëü, õàðàêòåðèçóþùèé, íà ñêîëüêî ïðîöåíòîâ ìîæåò èçìåíèòüñÿ ñïðîñ íà ñâîáîäíîì ðûíêå íà äàííûé òîâàð ïðè èçìåíåíèè åãî öåíû íà îäèí ïðîöåíò. Øèðîêî èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ ïðèíÿòèÿ ðåøåíèé îá óðîâíå èçìåíåíèè öåí.
elastischer Bedarf (m)
elastic demand
demande (f) élastique
ýëàñòè÷íûé ñïðîñ
Ñïðîñ, èìåþùèé òåíäåíöèþ èçìåíÿòüñÿ â çàâèñèìîñòè îò íåçíà÷èòåëüíûõ êîëåáàíèé öåí
unelastischer Bedarf (m)
under-elastic demand
demande (f) non élastique
íåýëàñòè÷íûé ñïðîñ
Ñïðîñ, èìåþùèé òåíäåíöèþ îñòàâàòüñÿ íåèçìåííûì, íåñìîòðÿ íà íåáîëüøèå èçìåíåíèÿ öåíû.
Potentialbedarf (f)
potential demand
demande (f) potential
ïîòåíöèàëüíûé ñïðîñ
Ñïðîñ, îïðåäåëÿåìûé ïîêóïàòåëüíîé ñïîñîáíîñòüþ è ÷èñëîì ïîòåíöèàëüíûõ ïîòðåáèòåëåé
Angebot (m)
offer
proposition (f), offre (m)
ïðåäëîæåíèå
ÄÑÒÓÁ À. 1.1-68-95 ñ.12
Îáñÿã òîâàðó, ÿêèé âèðîáíèêè ãîòîâ³ ïðîäàòè ïðè äàíèõ ö³íàõ.
Îáúåì òîâàðà, êîòîðûé ïðîèçâîäèòåëè ãîòîâû ïðîäàòü ïðè äàííûõ öåíàõ.
4.1.3.3 Ñïîæèâàííÿ de
en
fr
ru
Âèêîðèñòàííÿ ñóñï³ëüíîãî ïðîäóêòó â ïðîöåñ³ çàäîâîëåííÿ åêîíîì³÷íèõ ïîòðåá ëþäåé; çàêëþ÷íà ôàçà ïðîöåñó ñóñï³ëüíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà.
4.1.3.4 Ö³íà de
en
fr
ru
Ãðîøîâèé âèðàç âàðòîñò³ òîâàðó, ïîêàçíèê é âåëè÷èíè.
Konsum (m), Verbrauch (m) consumption
consommation (f)
ïîòðåáëåíèå
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå îáùåñòâåííîãî ïðîäóêòà â ïðîöåññå óäîâëåòâîðåíèÿ ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ïîòðåáíîñòåé ëþäåé; çàêëþ÷èòåëüíàÿ ôàçà ïðîöåññà îáùåñòâåííîãî ïðîèçâîäñòâà.
Preis (m) cost
prix (m) öåíà
Äåíåæíîå âûðàæåíèå ñòîèìîñòè òîâàðà, ïîêàçàòåëü åå âåëè÷èíû.
4.1.3.4.1 Ö³íà âèðîáíèöòâà de
en
fr
ru
Ïåðåòâîðåíà ôîðìà âàðòîñò³, ÿêà ëåæèòü â îñíîâ³ ðèíêîâèõ ö³í íà òîâàðè. Ñêëàäàºòüñÿ ç âèòðàò âèðîáíèöòâà òîâàðó ³ ñåðåäíüîãî ïðèáóòêó.
4.1.3.4.2 Ö³íà ñïîæèâà÷à de
en
fr
ru
Âèòðàòè ïîêóïöÿ íà ïðèäáàííÿ ³ âèêîðèñòàííÿ òîâàðó ïðîòÿãîì íîðìàòèâíîãî ñòðîêó éîãî åêñïëóàòàö³¿.
Produktionspreis (n)
production cost
prix (m) de production
öåíà ïðîèçâîäñòâà
Ïðåâðàùåííàÿ ôîðìà ñòîèìîñòè, ëåæàùàÿ â îñíîâå ðûíî÷íûõ öåí íà òîâàðû. Ñêëàäûâàåòñÿ èç èçäåðæåê ïðîèçâîäñòâà òîâàðà è ñðåäíåé ïðèáûëè.
Verbraucherpreis (m)
consumer cost
prix (m) de consommation
öåíà ïîòðåáèòåëüñêàÿ, öåíà
ïîòðåáèòåëÿ
Çàòðàòû ïîêóïàòåëÿ íà ïðèîáðåòåíèå è èñïîëüçîâàíèå òîâàðà íà ïðîòÿæåíèè íîðìàòèâíîãî ïåðèîäà åãî ýêñïëóàòàöèè.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.13
|
4.1.3.4.3 Ö³íà áàçèñíà |
de
en
fr
ru
1. Ö³íà, ÿêà ïðèéìàºòüñÿ ÿê áàçà ïðè âèçíà÷åíí³ ö³í ì³æíàðîäíî¿ òîðã³âë³ (åêñïîðòíèõ ³ ³ìïîðòíèõ) â ö³ëîìó ³ çà îêðåìèìè ãðóïàìè òîâàð³â.
2. Ö³íà âèðîáó ç â³äîìèìè ô³êñîâàíèìè ïàðàìåòðàìè, ÿêà ïðèéìàºòüñÿ ÿê çðàçîê ïðè âèçíà÷åíí³ çîâí³øíüîòîðãîâî¿ ö³íè äàíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿.
3. Ö³íà ñâ³òîâîãî òîâàðíîãî ðèíêó, ÿêà âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ ÿê âèõ³äíà ïðè âèçíà÷åíí³ êîíòðàêòíèõ ö³í; êîðèãóºòüñÿ â³äïîâ³äíî äî ïðèéíÿòîãî ïîðÿäêó ö³íîóòâîðåííÿ ç óðàõóâàííÿì ð³çíèö³ â ñïîæèâ÷èõ âëàñòèâîñòÿõ ³ ÿêîñò³ òîâàðó.
4.1.3.4.4 Ö³íà äîâ³äêîâà de
en
fr
ru
Âèä ö³í îïòîâîãî îáîðîòó ó âíóòð³øí³é ³ ì³æíàðîäí³é òîðã³âë³, ÿê³ âèñòóïàþòü äëÿ ïðîäàâöÿ ³ ïîêóïöÿ â ðîë³ âèõ³äíîãî ïóíêòó ïðè âèçíà÷åíí³ êîíòðàêòíî¿ ö³íè, ùî ô³êñóºòüñÿ â äîêóìåíò³ ïðî óãîäó.
4. 1.3.4.5 Ö³íà êîíòðàêòíà de
en
fr
ru
Çàô³êñîâàíà â êîíòðàêò³ ö³íà åêñïîðòîâàíî¿ ÷è ³ìïîðòîâàíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ (ïîñëóã), ÿêà âèðàæåíà â âàëþò³.
Basischpreis (f)
base price
prix (m) de base
1. Öåíà, ïðèíèìàåìàÿ â êà÷åñòâå áàçû ïðè îïðåäåëåíèè öåí ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëè (ýêñïîðòíûõ è èìïîðòíûõ) â öåëîì è ïî îòäåëüíûì ãðóïïàì òîâàðîâ.
2. Öåíà èçäåëèÿ ñ èçâåñòíûìè ôèêñèðîâàííûìè ïàðàìåòðàìè, ïðèíèìàåìàÿ çà îáðàçåö ïðè îïðåäåëåíèè âíåøíåòîðãîâîé öåíû äàííîé ïðîäóêöèè.
3. Öåíà ìèðîâîãî òîâàðíîãî ðûíêà, èñïîëüçóåìàÿ êàê èñõîäíàÿ ïðè îïðåäåëåíèè êîíòðàêòíûõ öåí; êîððåêòèðóåòñÿ â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ïðèíÿòûì ïîðÿäêîì öåíîîáðàçîâàíèÿ è ñ ó÷åòîì ðàçëè÷èé â ïîòðåáèòåëüñêèõ ñâîéñòâàõ è êà÷åñòâå òîâàðà.
Nachschlagepreis (f)
reference price
prix (m) de référence
öåíà ñïðàâî÷íàÿ
Âèä öåí îïòîâîãî îáîðîòà âî âíóòðåííåé è ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëå, âûñòóïàþùèõ äëÿ ïðîäàâöà è ïîêóïàòåëÿ â êà÷åñòâå èñõîäíîãî ïóíêòà ïðè îïðåäåëåíèè êîíòðàêòíîé öåíû, ôèêñèðóåìîé â äîêóìåíòå î ñäåëêå.
Kontraktpreis (f)
contract price
prix (m) contractuel
öåíà êîíòðàêòíàÿ
Çàôèêñèðîâàííàÿ â êîíòðàêòå öåíà ýêñïîðòèðóåìîé èëè èìïîðòèðóåìîé ïðîäóêöèè (óñëóã), âûðàæåííàÿ â âàëþòå.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.14
4.1.3.4.6 Ö³íà äîãîâ³ðíà de
en
fr
ru
Ö³íà, ùî âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ çà äîìîâëåí³ñòþ ì³æ âèðîáíèêîì (ïðîäàâöåì) ³ ñïîæèâà÷åì (ïîêóïöåì) ïðîäóêö³¿.
4.1.3.4.7 Ö³íè òðàíñôåðòí³, de âíóòð³øíüî ô³ðìîâ³
en
fr
ru
Âèä ö³í, â òîìó ÷èñë³ ³ â ì³æíàðîäíîìó òîâàðîîáîðîò³, ÿê³ âèêîðèñòîâóþòü ïðè îáì³í³ òîâàðàìè â ðàìêàõ ì³æíàðîäíèõ ³ òðàíñíàö³îíàëüíèõ êîðïîðàö³é ³ ï³äïðèºìñòâ, â òîìó ÷èñë³ ì³æ ¿õ ï³äðîçä³ëàìè, ðîçòàøîâàíèìè â ð³çíèõ êðà¿íàõ.
Vereinbarungspreis (m)
negotiated price
prix (m) du accord
öåíà äîãîâîðíàÿ
Öåíà, óñòàíàâëèâàåìàÿ ïî äîãîâîðåííîñòè ìåæäó ïðîèçâîäèòåëåì (ïðîäàâöîì) è ïîòðåáèòåëåì (ïîêóïàòåëåì) ïðîäóêöèè
Ubergabepreise (m), Verrechnungspreise (m)
transfer prices
prix (m) de transfert
öåíû òðàíñôåðòíûå, âíóòðèôèðìåííûå
Âèä öåí, â òîì ÷èñëå â ìåæäóíàðîäíîì òîâàðîîáîðîòå, èñïîëüçóåìûõ ïðè îáìåíå òîâàðàìè â ðàìêàõ ìåæäóíàðîäíûõ è òðàíñíàöèîíàëüíûõ êîðïîðàöèé è ïðåäïðèÿòèé, â òîì ÷èñëå ìåæäó èõ ïîäðàçäåëåíèÿìè, ðàñïîëîæåííûìè â ðàçíûõ ñòðàíàõ.
4.1.3.4.8 Íîæèö³ ö³í de
en
fr
ru
Ðîçõîäæåííÿ ð³âí³â ³ äèíàì³êè ö³í ì³æíàðîäíî¿ òîðã³âë³ íà îêðåì³ ãðóïè òîâàð³â.
4.1.3.4.9 Äåìï³íã (ö³í) de
en fr ru
Âèâ³ç òîâàð³â ³ç êðà¿íè çà êîðäîí ïî ö³íàõ á³ëüø íèçüêèõ â ïîð³âíÿíí³ ³ç âíóòð³øí³ìè ö³íàìè ö³º¿ êðà¿íè ÷è íà ñâ³òîâîìó ðèíêó, ùî ìຠñâîºþ ìåòîþ óñóíåííÿ êîíêóðåíò³â ³ çàõîïëåííÿ çîâí³øí³õ ðèíê³â.
Preissehere (f)
price scissors
ciseaux (m) des prix
íîæíèöû öåí
Ðàñõîæäåíèå óðîâíåé è äèíàìèêè öåí ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëè íà îòäåëüíûå ãðóïïû òîâàðîâ.
Dumping (n) dumping dumping (m) äåìïèíã
Âûâîç òîâàðîâ èç ñòðàíû çà ãðàíèöó ïî öåíàì áîëåå íèçêèì ÷åì öåíû âíóòðè ýòîé ñòðàíû èëè íà ìèðîâîì ðûíêå â öåëÿõ óñòðàíåíèÿ êîíêóðåíòîâ è çàõâàòà âíåøíèõ ðûíêîâ.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.15
4.1.3.4.10 Ö³íà ÊÀÔ de
en
fr
ru
Ö³íà, ÿêà ïîâí³ñòþ âêëþ÷ຠâèòðàòè íà òðàíñïîðòóâàííÿ òîâàðó, àëå íå âêëþ÷ຠâèòðàòè íà ñòðàõóâàííÿ.
4.1.3.4.11 Ö³íà ÑIÔ de
en fr ru
Ö³íà, ÿêà îçíà÷àº, ùî âñ³ âèòðàòè ç ïåðåâåçåííÿ âàíòàæó, âèïëàòè ìèòíèõ çáîð³â ³ ñòðàõóâàííþ ðàçîì ³ç ðèçèêîì çàãèáåë³ àáî ïîøêîäæåííÿ ~ òîâàðó äî ïåðåòèíó íèì áîðòó ñóäíà â ïîðòó ïîêóïöÿ íåñå ïðîäàâåöü òîâàðó,
4.1.3.4.12 Ö³íà ÔÀÑ de
en
fr
ru
Ö³íà, ÿêà îáìåæóº òðàíñïîðòíî-åêñïåäèòîðñüê³ âèòðàòè â³äïðàâíèêà äîñòàâêîþ âàíòàæó äî ïðè÷àëó.
4.1.3.4.13 Ö³íà ÔÎÁ de
en
fr
ru
Ö³íà, ÿêà îçíà÷àº, ùî ïðîäàâåöü íåñå ëèøå ÷àñòèíó âèòðàò íà òðàíñïîðòóâàííÿ ³ ñòðàõóâàííÿ, à òî÷í³øå - ëèøå äî ìîìåíòó äîñòàâêè òîâàðó íà áîðò ñóäíà.
Kosten (m) und Frachtpreis (m) cost and freight price
prix (m) C&F (cout et fret)
öåíà ÊÀÔ
Öåíà, êîòîðàÿ ïîëíîñòüþ âêëþ÷àåò ðàñõîäû ïî òðàíñïîðòèðîâêå òîâàðà, íî íå âêëþ÷àåò ðàñõîäû ïî ñòðàõîâàíèþ.
cif-Preis (m)
cost insurance freight price
prix (m) CAF (cout, assurance, fret)
öåíà ÑÈÔ
Öåíà, êîòîðàÿ îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî âñå ðàñõîäû ïî ïåðåâîçêå ãðóçà, îïëàòå òàìîæåííûõ ñáîðîâ è ñòðàõîâàíèþ âìåñòå ñ ðèñêîì ãèáåëè èëè ïîð÷è òîâàðà äî ïåðåñå÷åíèÿ èì áîðòà ñóäíà â ïîðòó ïîêóïàòåëÿ íåñåò ïðîäàâåö òîâàðà.
fas-Preis (m)
free alongside ship price
prix (m) FAS (franco le long du navire)
öåíà ÔÀÑ
Öåíà, êîòîðàÿ îãðàíè÷èâàåò òðàíñïîðòíî-ýêcïåäèòîðñêèå ðàñõîäû îòïðàâèòåëÿ äîñòàâêîé ãðóçà äî ïðè÷àëà.
fob-Preis (m)
free on board price
prix (m) FOB (franco bord)
öåíà ÔÎÁ
Öåíà, êîòîðàÿ îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî ïðîäàâåö íåñåò ëèøü ÷àñòü ðàñõîäîâ ïî òðàíñïîðòèðîâêå è ñòðàõîâàíèþ, à èìåííî - òîëüêî äî ìîìåíòà äîñòàâêè òîâàðà íà áîðò ñóäíà.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.16
4.2 Ñòâîðåííÿ êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíî¿ â³ò÷èçíÿíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ íà çîâí³øí³õ ðèíêàõ
4.2.1 Êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòü de
ïðîäóêö³¿ en
fr
ru
Êîìïëåêñíà îö³íêà çäàòíîñò³ êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ (òîâàðó) â³äïîâ³äàòè âèìîãàì äàíîãî çîâí³øíüîãî ðèíêó ó ïåâíèé ïåð³îä ÷àñó, ùî âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ ñóêóïí³ñòþ âëàñòèâîñòåé ïðîäóêö³¿, à òàêîæ óìîâàìè ¿¿ ïðîäàæó ³ ñïîæèâàííÿ â äàíîìó ðåã³îí³ (êðà¿í³), ÿê³ çàáåçïå÷óþòü ìîæëèâîñò³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ òîâàðó íà âçàºìîâèã³äíèõ äëÿ ïðîäàâöÿ ³ ïîêóïöÿ óìîâàõ
4.2.2 Ïðîäóêö³ÿ ñâ³òîâîãî ð³âíÿ de
en
fr
ru
Êîíêóðåíòíîçäàòíà, åêîíîì³÷íî åôåêòèâíà íîâà êîíêðåòíà ïðîäóêö³ÿ, îñíîâíèé îáñÿã ÿêî¿ â íèí³øí³é ÷àñ âèðîáëÿºòüñÿ ïðîâ³äíèìè â íàóêîâî-òåõí³÷íîìó â³äíîøåíí³ ç ïðîäóêö³¿ öüîãî âèäó êðà¿íàìè (ô³ðìàìè, ï³äïðèºìñòâàìè, îá’ºäíàííÿìè)
4.2.3 Òåõí³÷íèé ð³âåíü ïðîäóêö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Âíóòð³øíÿ, òîáòî ñóòòºâà ÿê³ñòü êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà º éîãî ÷àñòêîâîþ, àëå ³ñòîòíîþ âèçíà÷åí³ñòþ, ùî îáóìîâëåíà äèíàì³÷íîþ
Konkurrenzfähigkeit (f) der Produktion competitiveness of products competetivité (f) de la production êîíêóðåíòîñïîñîáíîñòü ïðîäóêöèè
Êîìïëåêñíàÿ îöåíêà ñïîñîáíîñòè êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè (òîâàðà) îòâå÷àòü òðåáîâàíèÿì äàííîãî âíåøíåãî ðûíêà â îïðåäåëåííûé ïåðèîä âðåìåíè, îïðåäåëÿåìàÿ ñîâîêóïíîñòüþ ñâîéñòâ ïðîäóêöèè, à òàêæå óñëîâèÿìè åå ïðîäàæè è ïîòðåáëåíèÿ â äàííîì ðåãèîíå (ñòðàíå), îáåñïå÷èâàþùèìè âîçìîæíîñòè ðåàëèçàöèè òîâàðà íà âçàèìîâûãîäíûõ äëÿ ïðîäàâöà è ïîêóïàòåëÿ óñëîâèÿõ
Welniveauproduktion (f)
world standards of product
production (f) du niveau mondial
ïðîäóêöèÿ ìèðîâîãî óðîâíÿ
Êîíêóðåíòîñïîñîáíàÿ, ýêîíîìè÷åñêè ýôôåêòèâíàÿ íîâàÿ êîíêðåòíàÿ ïðîäóêöèÿ, îñíîâíîé îáúåì êîòîðîé â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ ïðîèçâîäèòñÿ âåäóùèìè â íàó÷íî-òåõíè÷åñêîì îòíîøåíèè ïî ïðîäóêöèè äàííîãî âèäà ñòðàíàìè (ôèðìàìè, ïðåäïðèÿòèÿìè, îáúåäèíåíèÿìè)
technishe Niveau (n) Produktion
technical level of products
niveau (m) techniqument de la production
òåõíè÷åñêèé óðîâåíü ïðîäóêöèè
Âíóòðåííåå, òî åñòü ñóùíîñòíîå êà÷åñòâî êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè, ÿâëÿþùååñÿ åå ÷àñòè÷íîé, íî ñóùåñòâåííîé îïðåäåëåííîñòüþ, îáóñëîâëåííîé äèíàìè÷åñêîé
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.17
ñòðóêòóðîþ ñóêóïíîñò³ ïðèðîäíèõ ³ ñòâîðåíèõ ëþäèíîþ âëàñòèâîñòåé, ÿê³ õàðàêòåðèçóþòü ¿¿ òåõí³÷íó äîâåðøåí³ñòü ³ íàçèâàþòüñÿ âëàñòèâîñòÿìè òåõí³÷íîãî ð³âíÿ ïðîäóêö³¿.
4.2.3.1 Âçàºìîçàì³íí³ñòü de ïðîäóêö³¿ en
fr
ru
Âëàñòèâ³ñòü òåõí³÷íîãî ð³âíÿ îäíàêîâèõ äåòàëåé, âóçë³â àáî àãðåãàò³â ìàøèí, ïðèëàä³â ³ ³íøèõ êîíñòðóêö³é, ÿêà âèÿâëÿºòüñÿ â ìîæëèâîñò³ âèêîíóâàòè ñêëàäàííÿ àáî çàì³íþâàòè ¿õ áåç ïîïåðåäíüîãî ïðèïàñóâàííÿ.
4.2.3.2 Ñóì³ñí³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Âëàñòèâ³ñòü òåõí³÷íîãî ð³âíÿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ñï³ëüíà äëÿ äâîõ ³ á³ëüøå îäèíèöü ïðîäóêö³¿ îäíîãî àáî ð³çíèõ ¿¿ âèä³â, ÿêà çàáåçïå÷óº òåõí³÷íó ñóì³ñí³ñòü ³ ìîæëèâ³ñòü ñòèêóâàííÿ öèõ îäèíèöü â óìîâàõ êîîïåðàö³¿ òà ñïåö³àë³çàö³¿ âèðîáíèöòâà, à òàêîæ ñï³ëüíîãî âèêîðèñòàííÿ.
4.2.3.3 Òåõíîëîã³÷í³ñòü de ïðîäóêö³¿ en
fr
ru
Âëàñòèâîñò³ òåõí³÷íîãî ð³âíÿ êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿê³ õàðàêòåðèçóþòü ¿¿ ïðèñòîñîâàí³ñòü äî âèãîòîâëåííÿ, òðàíñïîðòóâàííÿ, çáåð³ãàííÿ òà
ñòðóêòóðîé ñîâîêóïíîñòè ïðèðîäíûõ è ñîçäàííûõ ÷åëîâåêîì ñâîéñòâ, õàðàêòåðèçóþùèõ åå òåõíè÷åñêîå ñîâåðøåíñòâî è íàçûâàåìûõ ñâîéñòâàìè òåõíè÷åñêîãî óðîâíÿ ïðîäóêöèè.
Austauschbarkeit (f) der Produktion interchangeability
interreplacement (m) de lproduction âçàèìîçàìåíÿåìîñòü ïðîäóêöèè
Ñâîéñòâî òåõíè÷åñêîãî óðîâíÿ îäèíàêîâûõ äåòàëåé, óçëîâ èëè àãðåãàòîâ ìàøèí, ïðèáîðîâ è äðóãèõ êîíñòðóêöèé, âûðàæàþùååñÿ â âîçìîæíîñòè ïðîèçâîäèòü ñáîðêó èëè çàìåíÿòü èõ áåç ïðåäâàðèòåëüíîé ïîäãîíêè.
Vereinbarkeit (f) der Produktion compatibility of production compalibilité (f) de la production ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ïðîäóêöèè
Ñâîéñòâî òåõíè÷åñêîãî óðîâíÿ ïðîäóêöèè, îáùåå äëÿ äâóõ è áîëüøå åäèíèö ïðîäóêöèè îäíîãî èëè ðàçíûõ åå âèäîâ, îáåñïå÷èâàþùåå òåõíè÷åñêóþ ñîâìåñòèìîñòü è ñòûêóåìîñòü ýòèõ åäèíèö â óñëîâèÿõ êîîïåðàöèè è ñïåöèàëèçàöèè ïðîèçâîäñòâà, à òàêæå ñîâìåñòíîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ.
Technologiebarkeit (f) der Produktion
productibility
production (f) au point de vue technique
òåõíîëîãè÷íîñòü ïðîäóêöèè
Ñâîéñòâà òåõíè÷åñêîãî óðîâíÿ êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè, õàðàêòåðèçóþùèå åå ïðèñïîñîáëåííîñòü ê èçãîòîâëåíèþ, òðàíñïîðòèðîâàíèþ, õðàíåíèþ è ýêñïëóàòàöèè ñ
ÄÑÒÓ Á À. 1.1-68-95 ñ.18
åêñïëóàòàö³¿ ç ì³í³ìàëüíèìè âèòðàòàìè òðóäîâèõ ³ ìàòåð³àëüíèõ ðåñóðñ³â ïðè çàäàíèõ çíà÷åííÿõ ïîêàçíèê³â ÿêîñò³.
4.2.4 гâåíü ÿêîñò³ de
en
fr
ru
Çîâí³øíÿ ÿê³ñòü êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà º ÷àñòèíîþ ¿¿ ñóòòºâî¿ âèçíà÷åíîñò³, îáóìîâëåíî¿ äèíàì³÷íîþ ñòðóêòóðîþ ñóêóïíîñò³ ¿¿ êîðèñíèõ âëàñòèâîñòåé, ÿê³ íàçèâàþòüñÿ âëàñòèâîñòÿìè ð³âíÿ ÿêîñò³ ïðîäóêö³¿.
4.2.4.1 ßê³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü âëàñòèâîñòåé ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿê³ îáóìîâëþþòü ¿¿ ïðèäàòí³ñòü çàäîâîëüíÿòè ïåâí³ ïîòðåáè ó â³äïîâ³äíîñò³ ç ¿¿ ïðèçíà÷åííÿì.
4.2.4.2 Áåçïåêà ïðîäóêö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Âëàñòèâ³ñòü ð³âíÿ ÿêîñò³ êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà ïîëÿãຠ⠿¿ çäàòíîñò³ áóòè âèêîðèñòàíîþ çà ñâî¿ì ö³ëüîâèì ïðèçíà÷åííÿì áåç çàâäàííÿ ìîæëèâî¿ øêîäè çäîðîâ'þ (æèòòþ) ëþäèíè òà (àáî) íåïðèïóñòèìî¿ øêîäè âèðîáíèöòâó.
4.2.4.3 Åêîëîã³÷í³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ de
en
ìèíèìàëüíûìè ðàñõîäàìè òðóäîâûõ è ìàòåðèàëüíûõ ðåñóðñîâ ïðè çàäàííûõ çíà÷åíèÿì ïîêàçàòåëåé êà÷åñòâà.
Qualitätsgrad (m) level of quality niveau (m) tn qualité óðîâåíü êà÷åñòâà
Âíåøíåå êà÷åñòâî êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè, ÿâëÿþùååñÿ ÷àñòüþ eå ñóùåñòâåííîé îïðåäåëåííîñòè, îáóñëîâëåííîé äèíàìè÷åñêîé ñòðóêòóðîé ñîâîêóïíîñòè åå ïîëåçíûõ ñâîéñòâ è íàçûâàåìûõ ñâîéñòâàìè óðîâíÿ êà÷åñòâà ïðîäóêöèè
Qualität (f) der Waren
quality of products
qualité (f) de la production êà÷åñòâî ïðîäóêöèè
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü ñâîéñòâ ïðîäóêöèè êîòîðûå îáóñëîâëèâàþò åå ïðèãîäíîñòü óäîâëåòâîðÿòü îïðåäåëåííûå ïîòðåáíîñòè â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ åå íàçíà÷åíèåì.
Sicherkeit (f) der Produktion safety of products
sécurité (f) de la production áåçîïàñíîñòü ïðîäóêöèè
Ñâîéñòâî óðîâíÿ êà÷åñòâà êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè, çàêëþ÷àþùååñÿ â åå ñïîñîáíîñòè áûòü èñïîëüçîâàííîé ïî öåëåâîìó
íàçíà÷åíèþ áåç íàíåñåíèÿ âîçìîæíîãî óùåðáà çäîðîâüþ (æèçíè) ÷åëîâåêà è (èëè) íåäîïóñòèìîãî óùåðáà ïðîèçâîäñòâó.
Ökologiebarkeit (f) der Produktion ecology of products
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.19
fr
ru
Âëàñòèâ³ñòü ð³âíÿ ÿêîñò³ êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà ïîëÿãຠ⠿¿ çäàòíîñò³ áóòè âèêîðèñòàíîþ çà ñâî¿ì ö³ëüîâèì ïðèçíà÷åííÿì áåç íàíåñåííÿ íåïðèïóñòèìîãî íåãàòèâíîãî âïëèâó íà ÿê³ñòü íàâêîëèøíüîãî ïðèðîäíîãî ñåðåäîâèùà (ïðèðîäè) òà (àáî) éîãî çàáðóäíåííÿ.
4.2.4.4 Åñòåòè÷í³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Âëàñòèâ³ñòü ð³âíÿ ÿêîñò³ êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà õàðàêòåðèçóº ³íôîðìàö³éíó âèðàçí³ñòü, ðàö³îíàëüí³ñòü ôîðìè, ö³ë³ñí³ñòü êîìïîçèö³¿, äîâåðøåí³ñòü âèðîáíè÷îãî âèãîòîâëåííÿ ³ ñòàá³ëüí³ñòü òîâàðíîãî âèäó ïðîäóêö³¿.
4.2.5 гâåíü åêîíîì³÷íîñò³ de ïðîäóêö³¿
en
fr
ru
Çîâí³øíÿ ÿê³ñòü êîíêðåòíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà º ÷àñòèíîþ ¿¿ ñóòòºâî¿ âèçíà÷åíîñò³, ùî â³äîáðàæຠâèòðàòè êîíêðåòíèõ âèä³â òðóäîâèõ, ìàòåð³àëüíèõ ³ ô³íàíñîâèõ ðåñóðñ³â íà âèãîòîâëåííÿ, çáåð³ãàííÿ, òðàíñïîðòóâàííÿ ³ ñïîæèâàííÿ îäèíèö³ ïðîäóêö³¿.
4.2.6 Îñíîâí³ òåõí³êî-åêîíîì³÷í³ de ïîêàçíèêè ïðîäóêö³¿
en
ecologique (f) de la production ýêîëîãè÷íîñòü ïðîäóêöèè
Ñâîéñòâî óðîâíÿ êà÷åñòâà êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè, çàêëþ÷àþùååñÿ â åå ñïîñîáíîñòè áûòü èñïîëüçîâàííîé ïî ñâîåìó öåëåâîìó íàçíà÷åíèþ áåç íàíåñåíèÿ íåäîïóñòèìîãî îòðèöàòåëüíîãî âîçäåéñòâèÿ íà êà÷åñòâî îêðóæàþùåé ïðèðîäíîé ñðåäû (ïðèðîäû) è (èëè) åå çàãðÿçíåíèÿ.
Ästhetikbarkeit (f) der Produktion aesthetics of production
esthétique (f) de la production ýñòåòè÷íîñòü ïðîäóêöèè
Ñâîéñòâî óðîâíÿ êà÷åñòâà êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè, õàðàêòåðèçóþùåå èíôîðìàöèîííóþ âûðàçèòåëüíîñòü, ðàöèîíàëüíîñòü ôîðìû, öåëîñòíîñòü êîìïîçèöèè, ñîâåðøåíñòâî ïðîèçâîäñòâåííîãî èñïîëíåíèÿ è ñòàáèëüíîñòü òîâàðíîãî âèäà ïðîäóêöèè.
Niveau (n) der Wirtschaftlichkeit der Produktion
level of economic effeciency of products
niveau (m) économique de la production
óðîâåíü ýêîíîìè÷íîñòè ïðîäóêöèè
Âíåøíåå êà÷åñòâî êîíêðåòíîé ïðîäóêöèè, ÿâëÿþùååñÿ ýêîíî- . ìè÷åñêîé ÷àñòüþ åå ñóùåñòâåííîé îïðåäåëåííîñòè, îòðàæàþùåé çàòðàòû êîíêðåòíûõ âèäîâ òðóäîâûõ, ìàòåðèàëüíûõ è ôèíàíñîâûõ ðåñóðñîâ íà èçãîòîâëåíèå, õðàíåíèå, òðàíñïîðòèðîâàíèå è ïîòðåáëåíèå åäèíèöû ïðîäóêöèè.
technisch-ökonomische
Hauptwertzahlen (f)
basic technical- end economic indices
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.20
fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü ïîêàçíèê³â, ÿê³ õàðàêòåðèçóþòü íàéâàæëèâ³ø³ âëàñòèâîñò³ ð³âíÿ ÿêîñò³ ïðîäóêö³¿ ³ âëàñòèâîñò³ ð³âíÿ åêîíîì³÷íîñò³ ïðîäóêö³¿, ùî º íàéá³ëüø âèçíà÷íèìè (áàçîâèìè) äëÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ äàíîãî âèäó ³ òîìó îáîâ'ÿçêîâî ïîâèíí³ áðàòèñÿ äî óâàãè ïðè îö³íö³ ð³âíÿ ÿêîñò³ òà åêîíîì³÷íîñò³ ö³º¿ ïðîäóêöèè.
4.2.7 Ïàòåíòíà ÷èñòîòà de
en
fr
ru
Þðèäè÷íà âëàñòèâ³ñòü îá'ºêòà, ÿêà ïîëÿãຠâ òîìó, ùî â³í ìîæå áóòè â³ëüíî âèêîðèñòàíèé â äàí³é êðà¿í³ áåç íåáåçïåêè ïîðóøåííÿ ä³þ÷èõ íà ¿¿ òåðèòî𳿠ïàòåíò³â âèêëþ÷íîãî ïðàâà, ùî íàëåæàòü òðåò³ì îñîáàì.
of products
indices (f) principal économique et écogenique de la production îñíîâíûå òåõíèêî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå ïîêàçàòåëè ïðîäóêöèè
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü ïîêàçàòåëåé, õàðàêòåðèçóþùèõ âàæíåéøèå ñâîéñòâà óðîâíÿ êà÷åñòâà ïðîäóêöèè è ñâîéñòâà óðîâíÿ ýêîíîìè÷íîñòè ïðîäóêöèè, êîòîðûå ÿâëÿþòñÿ íàèáîëåå çíà÷èìûìè (áàçîâûìè) äëÿ ïðîäóêöèè äàííîãî âèäà è ïîýòîìó îáÿçàòåëüíî äîëæíû ïðèíèìàòüñÿ âî âíèìàíèå ïðè îöåíêå óðîâíÿ êà÷åñòâà è ýêîíîìè÷íîñòè ýòîé ïðîäóêöèè.
Patentreinheit (f)
noniniringement quality of an invent pureté (f) de la patent
ïàòåíòíàÿ ÷èñòîòà
Þðèäè÷åñêîå ñâîéñòâî îáúåêòà, çàêëþ÷àþùååñÿ â òîì, ÷òî îí ìîæåò áûòü ñâîáîäíî èñïîëüçîâàí â äàííîé ñòðàíå áåç îïàñíîñòè íàðóøåíèÿ äåéñòâóþùèõ íà åå òåððèòîðèè ïàòåíòîâ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíîãî ïðàâà, ïðèíàäëåæàùèõ òðåòüèì ëèöàì.
4.2.7.1 Ïàòåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòü de
en
fr
ru
Çàñíîâàíà íà çàêîí³ ìîæëèâ³ñòü îòðèìàííÿ ïðàâîâî¿ îõîðîíè âèíàõîä³â
4.2.7.2 Òîâàðíèé çíàê de
en
fr
ru
Patentfähigkeit (f)
patent ability
capacite (f) de la patent ïàòåíòîñïîñîáíîñòü
Îñíîâàííàÿ íà çàêîíå âîçìîæíîñòü ïîëó÷åíèÿ ïðàâîâîé îõðàíû èçîáðåòåíèé.
Warenzeichen (n)
Trademark
marque (m) de commerce
òîâàðíûé çíàê
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.21
Çàðåºñòðîâàíå â óñòàíîâëåíîìó ïîðÿäêó ïîçíà÷åííÿ, ÿêå ñëóæèòü äëÿ â³äì³ííîñò³ îäíîð³äíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ð³çíèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ. Îñíîâí³ ôóíêö³¿: â³äì³òíà, ãàðàíò³éíà, ðåêëàìíà.
4.2.8 Ñåðòèô³êàö³ÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Ïðîöåäóðà ïðèéíÿòòÿ ³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ ì³æíàðîäíèõ íîðì îö³íêè ³ êîíòðîëþ ÿêîñò³ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà ïîñòàâëÿºòüñÿ â ³íø³ êðà¿íè.
4.2.8.1 ̳æíàðîäí³ ñòàíäàðòè de
en
fr
ru
Äîêóìåíòè, ÿê³ âñòàíîâëþþòü ÿê³ñí³ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè òîâàð³â ³ çàñòîñîâóþòüñÿ ó âçàºìí³é òîðã³âë³ êðà¿í ñâ³òó.
4.2.8.2 Ñòàíäàðòèçàö³ÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ de
äëÿ åêñïîðòó
en
fr
ru
Ñòàíäàðòèçàö³ÿ, ÿêà çä³éñíþºòüñÿ ïëàíîì³ðíî ç ìåòîþ íîðìàòèâíî-òåõí³÷íîãî çàáåçïå÷åííÿ êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæíîñò³ â³ò÷èçíÿíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿ íà ñâ³òîâîìó ðèíêó øëÿõîì ï³äâèùåííÿ òåõí³÷íîãî ð³âíÿ, ÿêîñò³ ³ åêîíîì³÷íîñò³ Ïðîäóêö³¿ äëÿ åêñïîðòó.
Çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííîå â óñòàíîâëåííîì ïîðÿäêå îáîçíà÷åíèå, ñëóæàùåå äëÿ îòëè÷èÿ îäíîðîäíîé ïðîäóêöèè ðàçíûõ ïðåäïðèÿòèé. Îñíîâíûå ôóíêöèè: îòëè÷èòåëüíàÿ, ãàðàíòèéíàÿ, ðåêëàìíàÿ.
Zertifîzierung (f) del Produktion certification of products
sertificalion (f) de la production ñåðòèôèêàöèÿ ïðîäóêöèè
Ïðîöåäóðà ïðèíÿòèÿ è ðåàëèçàöèè ìåæäóíàðîäíûõ íîðì îöåíêè è êîíòðîëÿ êà÷åñòâà ïðîäóêöèè, ïîñòàâëÿåìîé â äðóãèå ñòðàíû.
internationale Standards (f)
international standards
standard (m) international ìåæäóíàðîäíûå ñòàíäàðòû
Äîêóìåíòû, óñòàíàâëèâàþùèå êà÷åñòâåííûå õàðàêòåðèñòèêè òîâàðîâ è ïðèìåíÿåìûå âî âçàèìíîé òîðãîâëå ñòðàí ìèðà.
Standardisierung (f) der
Exportproduktion
standardization of products for export
standardisation (f) de la production
pour la exportation
ñòàíäàðòèçàöèÿ ïðîäóêöèè äëÿ
ýêñïîðòà
Ñòàíäàðòèçàöèÿ, îñóùåñòâëÿåìàÿ ïëàíîìåðíî â öåëÿõ íîðìàòèâíî-òåõíè÷åñêîãî îáåñïå÷åíèÿ êîíêóðåíòîñïîñîáíîñòè îòå÷åñòâåííîé ïðîäóêöèè íà ìèðîâîì ðûíêå ïóòåì ïîâûøåíèÿ òåõíè÷åñêîãî óðîâíÿ, êà÷åñòâà è ýêîíîìè÷íîñòè ïðîäóêöèè äëÿ ýêñïîðòà.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.22
4.2.9 Ãàðàíò³éíèé ñòðîê ó de ì³æíàðîäí³é òîðã³âë³ en
fr
ru
Ïåð³îä, ïðîòÿãîì ÿêîãî 䳺 ïîðóêà ïðîäàâöÿ çà â³äïîâ³äí³ñòü òîâàðó, ùî íèì ïîñòàâëÿºòüñÿ, âèìîãàì óãîäè çà óìîâ äîòðèìàííÿ ïîêóïöåì ïðàâèë éîãî åêñïëóàòàö³¿, âèêîðèñòàííÿ ³ çáåð³ãàííÿ.
4.2.10 Óìîâè ïëàòåæó de
en
fr
ru
Äîãîâ³ðíî-ïðàâîâ³ ðåêâ³çèòè çîâí³øíüîòîðãîâåëüíîãî êîíòðàêòó, ÿê³ âèçíà÷àþòü, ÷è áóäå ïðîäàâàòèñÿ òîâàð íà óìîâàõ ïëàòåæó ãîò³âêîþ àáî â êðåäèò ³ ñêëàäàþòü îñíîâó ô³íàíñîâèõ óìîâ çîâí³øíüîòîðãîâåëüíîãî êîíòðàêòó.
4.2.10.1 Ôîðìè ðîçðàõóíê³â de
en
fr
ru
Ìåòîäè ðîçðàõóíêîâèõ îïåðàö³é, ÿê³ ñêëàëèñÿ â ì³æíàðîäí³é òîðã³âë³.
4.2.10.2 Àâàíñ de
en
fr
ru
Ãðîøîâà ñóìà, ÿêà âèäàºòüñÿ â ðàõóíîê ìàéáóòí³õ âèïëàò çà ìàòåð³àëüí³ ö³ííîñò³, âèêîíàí³ ðîáîòè ³ íàäàí³
ïîñëóãè.
Garantietermin (m) in den Welthandel guarantee in international commerce period (f) de garantie en commerce
international
ãàðàíòèéíûé ñðîê â
ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëå
Ïåðèîä, â òå÷åíèå êîòîðîãî äåéñòâóåò ðó÷àòåëüñòâî ïðîäàâöà çà ñîîòâåòñòâèå ïîñòàâëÿåìîãî èì òîâàðà òðåáîâàíèÿì äîãîâîðà ïðè óñëîâèè ñîáëþäåíèÿ ïîêóïàòåëåì ïðàâèë åãî ýêñïëóàòàöèè, èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ è õðàíåíèÿ.
Zahlungsbedingungen (f)
terms of payment
termes (m) de réglement
óñëîâèÿ ïëàòåæà
Äîãîâîðíî-ïðàâîâûå ðåêâèçèòû âíåøíåòîðãîâîãî êîíòðàêòà, êîòîðûå îïðåäåëÿþò, áóäåò ëè ïðîäàâàòüñÿ òîâàð íà óñëîâèÿõ íàëè÷íîãî ïëàòåæà èëè â êðåäèò è ñîñòàâëÿþò îñíîâó ôèíàíñîâûõ óñëîâèé âíåøíåòîðãîâîãî êîíòðàêòà.
Formen (m) der Berechnungen manner of payments
formes (f) des réglements
ôîðìû ðàñ÷åòîâ
Ìåòîäû ðàñ÷åòíûõ îïåðàöèé, ñëîæèâøèåñÿ â ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëå.
Vorschuß (m)
advance
avance (f)
àâàíñ
Äåíåæíàÿ ñóììà, âûäàâàåìàÿ â ñ÷åò ïðåäñòîÿùèõ ïëàòåæåé çà ìàòåðèàëüíûå öåííîñòè, âûïîëíåííûå ðàáîòû è îêàçàííûå óñëóãè
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.23
4.2.10.3 Àêðåäèòèâ de
en
fr
ru
Ôîðìà ðîçðàõóíê³â ó ì³æíàðîäí³é òîðã³âë³; ÿâëÿº ñîáîþ çîáîâ'ÿçàííÿ áàíêó ïðîâåñòè íà ïðîõàííÿ ³ ó â³äïîâ³äíîñò³ ³ç âêàç³âêàìè ³ìïîðòåðà âèïëàòè åêñïîðòåðó (ïðè ðîçðàõóíêàõ ãîò³âêîþ) àáî àêöåïòóâàòè òðàòó, âèñòàâëåíó åêñïîðòåðîì (ïðè ðîçðàõóíêàõ ó êðåäèò), â ìåæàõ ïåâíî¿ ñóìè ³ ñòðîêó ³ ïðîòè ïåðåäáà÷åíèõ äîêóìåíò³â (ÿê ïðàâèëî, êîíîñàìåíòà, ñòðàõîâîãî ïîë³ñà, ðîçðàõóíêó-ôàêòóðè òà ³í.).
4.2.10.4 ²íêàñî de
en fr ru
Ôîðìà ðîçðàõóíê³â ó ì³æíàðîäí³é òîðã³âë³, ÿêà ÿâëÿº ñîáîþ ðîçðàõóíêîâó îïåðàö³þ, çà äîïîìîãîþ ÿêî¿ áàíê çà äîðó÷åííÿì ñâîãî ê볺íòà îòðèìóº íà îñíîâ³ ðîçðàõóíêîâèõ äîêóìåíò³â íàëåæí³ òîìó ãðîøîâ³ êîøòè â³ä ïëàòíèêà çà â³äâàíòàæåí³ çà àäðåñîþ îñòàííüîãî òîâàðíî-ìàòåð³àëüí³ ö³ííîñò³ ³ íàäàí³ ïîñëóãè ³ çàðàõîâóº ö³ êîøòè íà ðàõóíîê ê볺íòà â áàíêó.
4.9.10.5 ³äêðèòèé ðàõóíîê de
en
fr
ru
Akkreditiv (m)
letter of credit
accretitif (m)
àêêðåäèòèâ
Ôîðìà ðàñ÷åòîâ â ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëå; ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé îáÿçàòåëüñòâî áàíêà ïðîèçâåñòè ïî ïðîñüáå è â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ óêàçàíèÿìè èìïîðòåðà âûïëàòó ýêñïîðòåðó (ïðè íàëè÷íûõ ðàñ÷åòàõ) èëè àêöåïòèðîâàòü òðàòó, âûñòàâëåííóþ ýêñïîðòåðîì (ïðè ðàñ÷åòàõ â êðåäèò), â ïðåäåëàõ îïðåäåëåííîé ñóììû è ñðîêà è ïðîòèâ ïðåäóñìîòðåííûõ äîêóìåíòîâ (îáû÷íî êîíîñàìåíòà, ñòðàõîâîãî ïîëèñà, ñ÷åòà-ôàêòóðû è äð.).
Einkassierung (f)
collection
encaissement (m)
èíêàññî
Ôîðìà ðàñ÷åòîâ â ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëå ïðåäñòàâëÿåò ñîáîé ðàñ÷åòíóþ îïåðàöèþ, ïîñðåäñòâîì êîòîðîé áàíê ïî ïîðó÷åíèþ ñâîåãî êëèåíòà ïîëó÷àåò íà îñíîâàíèè ðàñ÷åòíûõ äîêóìåíòîâ ïðè÷èòàþùèåñÿ òîìó äåíåæíûå ñðåäñòâà îò ïëàòåëüùèêà çà îòãðóæåííûå â àäðåñ ïîñëåäíåãî òîâàðíî-ìàòåðèàëüíûå öåííîñòè è îêàçàííûå óñëóãè è çà÷èñëÿåò ýòè ñðåäñòâà íà ñ÷åò êëèåíòà â áàíêå.
offenes Kónto (n)
open account
compte (m) ouvert
îòêðûòûé ñ÷åò
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.24
Ôîðìà ðîçðàõóíê³â çà ïîñòàâëåí³ òîâàðè àáî íàäàí³ ïîñëóãè ïîëÿãຠâ áåçïîñåðåäíüîìó íàïðàâëåíí³ çà àäðåñîþ ³íîçåìíîãî ïîêóïöÿ ÿê òîâàðó, òàê ³ òîâàðíèõ äîêóìåíò³â, îïëàòó ÿêèõ ³ìïîðòåð ïðîâîäèòü ïðîòÿãîì ñòðîêó, îáóìîâëåíîãî â êîíòðàêò³.
4.2.11 Ñåðâ³ñ de
en
fr
ru
ϳäñèñòåìà ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ï³äïðèºìñòâà, ÿêà çàáåçïå÷óº êîìïëåêñ ïîñëóã, ïîâ'ÿçàíèõ ³ç çáóòîì òà åêñïëóàòàö³ºþ ìàøèí ³ óñòàòêóâàííÿ, çàñîá³â òðàíñïîðòó.
Ôîðìà ðàñ÷åòîâ çà ïîñòàâëåííûå òîâàðû èëè îêàçàííûå óñëóãè çàêëþ÷àåòñÿ â íåïîñðåäñòâåííîì íàïðàâëåíèè â àäðåñ èíîñòðàííîãî ïîêóïàòåëÿ êàê òîâàðà, òàê è òîâàðíûõ äîêóìåíòîâ, îïëàòó êîòîðûõ èìïîðòåð îñóùåñòâëÿåò â òå÷åíèå îáóñëîâëåííîãî â êîíòðàêòå ñðîêà.
Servise (m) servise servise (m) ñåðâèñ
Ïîäñèñòåìà ìàðêåòèíãîâîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ, îáåñïå÷èâàþùàÿ êîìïëåêñ óñëóã, ñâÿçàííûõ ñî ñáûòîì è ýêñïëóàòàöèåé ìàøèí è îáîðóäîâàíèÿ, ñðåäñòâ òðàíñïîðòà.
4.3 Òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ â³ò÷èçíÿíèõ áóäìàòåð³àë³â òà âèðîá³â íà çîâí³øí³õ ðèíêàõ.
4.3.1Òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ de
en
fr
ru
ijÿëüí³ñòü ùîäî ïëàíóâàííÿ, âò³ëåííÿ â æèòòÿ ³ êîíòðîëþâàííÿ çà ô³çè÷íèì ïåðåì³ùåííÿì ìàòåð³àë³â ³ ãîòîâèõ âèðîá³â â³ä ì³ñöü ¿õ ïîõîäæåííÿ äî ì³ñöü âèêîðèñòàííÿ ç ìåòîþ çàäîâîëåííÿ ïîòðåá ñïîæèâà÷³â ³ ç êîðèñòþ äëÿ ñåáå.
4.3.1.1 Ïëàíóâàííÿ de
òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ en
fr
ru
Ñèñòåìàòè÷íå ïðèéíÿòòÿ ð³øåíü ñòîñîâíî ô³çè÷íîãî ïåðåì³ùåííÿ ³ ïåðåäà÷³ âëàñíîñò³ íà òîâàð àáî ïîñëóãó â³ä
Warenbewegumg (f)
movement of goods
courants (m) òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèå
Äåÿòåëüíîñòü ïî ïëàíèðîâàíèþ, ïðåòâîðåíèþ â æèçíü è êîíòðîëþ çà ôèçè÷åñêèì ïåðåìåùåíèåì ìàòåðèàëîâ è ãîòîâûõ èçäåëèé îò ìåñò èõ ïðîèñõîæäåíèÿ ê ìåñòàì èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ ñ öåëüþ óäîâëåòâîðåíèÿ íóæä ïîòðåáèòåëåé è ñ âûãîäîé äëÿ ñåáÿ.
Planung (f) der Warenbewegung
promotion planning
planification (f) de courants
ïëàíèðîâàíèå òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèÿ
Ñèñòåìàòè÷åñêîå ïðèíÿòèå ðåøåíèé â îòíîøåíèè ôèçè÷åñêîãî ïåðåìåùåíèÿ è ïåðåäà÷è ñîáñòâåííîñòè íà òîâàð èëè óñëóãó îò
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.25
âèðîáíèêà äî ñïîæèâà÷à, âêëþ÷àþ÷è òðàíñïîðòóâàííÿ, çáåð³ãàííÿ ³ çä³éñíåííÿ óãîä.
4.3.2 Êàíàëè de òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ en
fr
ru
Ñïîñîáè äîñòàâêè òîâàðó äî ì³ñöÿ éîãî ïðîäàæó àáî ì³ñöÿ âèêîðèñòàííÿ â óñòàíîâëåí³ ñòðîêè ïðè ì³í³ìàëüíèõ âèòðàòàõ ïðîäàâöÿ.
4.3.2.1 Êàíàë ïðÿìîãî de ìàðêåòèíãó, êàíàë en íóëüîâîãî ð³âíÿ fr
ru
Êàíàë ðîçïîä³ëó, ùî ñêëàäàºòüñÿ ³ç âèðîáíèêà, ÿêèé ïðîäຠòîâàð áåçïîñåðåäíüî ñïîæèâà÷àì.
4.3.2.2 Ïîá³÷í³ êàíàëè de òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ en
fr
ru
Ïåðåì³ùåííÿ òîâàð³â ³ ïîñëóã â³ä âèðîáíèêà äî íåçàëåæíîãî ó÷àñíèêà òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ, à ïîò³ì äî ñïîæèâà÷à.
4.3.2.3 Êàíàëè de ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ en
fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü ô³ðì àáî îêðåìèõ îñ³á, ÿê³ ïðèéìàþòü íà ñåáå àáî Äîïîìàãàþòü ïåðåäàâàòè êîìóñü ³íøîìó ïðàâî âëàñíîñò³
ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ ê ïîòðåáèòåëþ, âêëþ÷àÿ òðàíñïîðòèðîâêó, õðàíåíèå è ñîâåðøåíèå ñäåëîê.
Warenwege (m)
channels of distribution
canals (m) de courants
êàíàëû òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèÿ
Ñïîñîáû äîñòàâêè òîâàðà ê ìåñòó ïðîäàæè èëè ìåñòó ïîòðåáëåíèÿ â óñòàíîâëåííûå ñðîêè ïðè ìèíèìàëüíûõ çàòðàòàõ ïðîäàâöà.
Weg (m) des Nullstands
zero level channel
canal (m) de niveau zero
êàíàë ïðÿìîãî ìàðêåòèíãà, êàíàë
íóëåâîãî óðîâíÿ
Êàíàë ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ, ñîñòîÿùèé èç ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ, ïðîäàþùåãî òîâàð íåïîñðåäñòâåííî ïîòðåáèòåëÿì.
indirekt (f) Kanäle der Warenbewegung accessory (collateral) channels of distribution
canals (m) indirects de L'avancement marchandise
êîñâåííûå êàíàëû òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèÿ
Ïåðåìåùåíèå òîâàðîâ è óñëóã îò ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ ê íåçàâèñèìîìó ó÷àñòíèêó òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèÿ, à çàòåì ê ïîòðåáèòåëþ.
Verteilungsweg (m)
channel of distribution
canal (m) de diffusion
êàíàëû ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèÿ
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü ôèðì èëè îòäåëüíûõ ëèö, êîòîðûå ïðèíèìàþò íà ñåáÿ èëè ïîìîãàþò ïåðåäàâàòü êîìó-òî äðóãîìó ïðàâî ñîáñòâåí-
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.26
íà êîíêðåòíèé òîâàð àáî ïîñëóãó íà øëÿõó ¿õ ðóõó â³ä âèðîáíèêà äî ñïîæèâà÷à.
4.3.3 Ðîçäð³áíà òîðã³âëÿ de
en
fr
ru
Êóï³âëÿ ³ ïðîäàæ òîâàð³â àáî ïîñëóã ïîøòó÷íî àáî â íåâåëèêèõ ê³ëüêîñòÿõ áåçïîñåðåäíüî ê³íöåâèì ñïîæèâà÷àì äëÿ ¿õ îñîáèñòîãî íåêîìåðö³éíîãî âèêîðèñòàííÿ.
4.3.3.1 Ðîçäð³áíà ôðàíøèçà de
en
fr
ru
Êîíòðàêòíà óãîäà ì³æ âèðîáíèêàìè, îïòîâîþ àáî ñåðâ³ñíîþ îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè ³ ðîçäð³áíèìè òî÷êàìè.
4.3.4 Îïòîâà òîðã³âëÿ de
en
fr
ru
Êóï³âëÿ ³ ïðîäàæ òîâàð³â ÷è ïîñëóã ïàðò³ÿìè àáî âåëèêèìè ê³ëüêîñòÿìè òèì, õòî êóïóº ¿õ ç ìåòîþ ïåðåïðîäàæó ÷è ïðîôåñ³îíàëüíîãî âèêîðèñòàííÿ.
4.3.4.1 Àãåíò de
en
fr ru
Îïòîâèé òîðãîâåöü, ÿêèé ïðåäñòàâëÿº ïîêóïöÿ àáî ïðîäàâöÿ íà â³äíîñíî ïîñò³éí³é îñíîâ³, âèêîíóº ëèøå íåâåëèêó
íîñòè íà êîíêðåòíûé òîâàð èëè óñëóãó íà ïóòè èõ ïðîäâèæåíèÿ îò ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ ê ïîòðåáèòåëþ.
Einzelhandel (m)
retail sale
commerce (m) de detail
ðîçíè÷íàÿ òîðãîâëÿ
Êóïëÿ è ïðîäàæà òîâàðîâ èëè óñëóã ïîøòó÷íî èëè â íåáîëüøèõ êîëè÷åñòâàõ íåïîñðåäñòâåííî êîíå÷íûì ïîòðåáèòåëÿì äëÿ èõ ëè÷íîãî íåêîììåð÷åñêîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ.
Einzelfranchise (f)
retail franchise
franchise (f) de detail
ðîçíè÷íàÿ ôðàíøèçà
Êîíòðàêòíîå ñîãëàøåíèå ìåæäó ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿìè, îïòîâîé èëè ñåðâèñíîé îðãàíèçàöèÿìè è ðîçíè÷íûìè òî÷êàìè.
Großhandel (m)
wholesale
trade commerce (m) de gros îïòîâàÿ òîðãîâëÿ
Êóïëÿ è ïðîäàæà òîâàðîâ èëè óñëóã ïàðòèÿìè èëè áîëüøèìè êîëè÷åñòâàìè òåì, êòî ïðèîáðåòàåò èõ ñ öåëüþ ïåðåïðîäàæè èëè ïðîôåññèîíàëüíîãî èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ.
Vertreler (m)
agent
agent (m)
àãåíò
Îïòîâûé òîðãîâåö, ïðåäñòàâëÿþùèé ïîêóïàòåëÿ èëè ïðîäàâöà íà îòíîñèòåëüíî ïîñòîÿííîé îñíîâå, âûïîëíÿþùèé ëèøü
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.27
ê³ëüê³ñòü ôóíêö³é ³ íå áåðå íà ñåáå ïðàâà âëàñíîñò³ íà òîâàð.
4.3.4.2 Áðîêåð de
en
fr
ru
Îïòîâèé òîðãîâåöü, ÿêèé íå áåðå íà ñåáå ïðàâà âëàñíîñò³ íà òîâàðè ³ îñíîâí³ ôóíêö³¿ ÿêîãî ïîëÿãàþòü ó çâåäåíí³ ïîêóïöÿ ç ïðîäàâöåì òà ñïðèÿíí³ â ïðîâåäåíí³ ïåðåãîâîð³â ì³æ íèìè.
4.3.4.3 Îïòîâèê-ïîêóïåöü de
en
fr
ru
Íåçàëåæíå êîìåðö³éíå
ï³äïðèºìñòâî, ÿêå íàáóâຠïðàâî âëàñíîñò³ íà òîâàðè, ç
ÿêèìè âîíî ìຠñïðàâó.
4.3.4.4 Âåðòèêàëüíà de ìàðêåòèíãîâà ñèñòåìà en
fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü âèðîáíèêà, îäíîãî àáî äåê³ëüêîõ îïòîâèõ òîðãîâö³â ³ îäíîãî àáî äåê³ëüêîõ ðîçäð³áíèõ òîðãîâö³â, ùî 䳺 ÿê ºäèíà ñèñòåìà, â ÿê³é îäèí ³ç ÷ëåí³â êàíàëó ðîçïîä³ëó âîëî䳺 ïðàâîì âëàñíèêà íàä ðåøòîþ ÷ëåí³â êàíàëó ðîçïîä³ëó, àáî íàäຠ¿ì òîðãîâ³ ïðèâ³ëå¿, àáî âîëî䳺 ìîæëèâ³ñòþ, ùî çàáåçïå÷óº ¿õ ïîâíå ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî.
íåáîëüøîå êîëè÷åñòâî ôóíêöèé è íå ïðèíèìàþùèé íà ñåáÿ ïðàâà ñîáñòâåííîñòè íà òîâàð.
Broker (m)
broker
broker (m)
áðîêåð
Îïòîâûé òîðãîâåö, êîòîðûé íå ïðèíèìàåò íà ñåáÿ ïðàâà ñîáñòâåííîñòè íà òîâàðû è îñíîâíûå ôóíêöèè êîòîðîãî çàêëþ÷àþòñÿ â ñâåäåíèè ïîêóïàòåëåé ñ ïðîäàâöàìè è ñîäåéñòâèè â ïðîâåäåíèè ïåðåãîâîðîâ ìåæäó íèìè.
Großhandelskaufer (m)
wholesale customer (buyer) grossiste (m)
îïòîâèê-ïîêóïàòåëü
Íåçàâèñèìîå êîììåð÷åñêîå ïðåäïðèÿòèå, ïðèîáðåòàþùåå ïðàâî ñîáñòâåííîñòè íà òîâàðû, ñ êîòîðûìè îíî èìååò äåëî.
vertikales Marketingssystem (n) vertical marketing system
systeme (f) vertical du marketing âåðòèêàëüíàÿ ìàðêåòèíãîâàÿ ñèñòåìà
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ, îäíîãî èëè íåñêîëüêèõ îïòîâûõ òîðãîâöåâ è îäíîãî èëè íåñêîëüêèõ ðîçíè÷íûõ òîðãîâöåâ, äåéñòâóþùàÿ êàê åäèíàÿ ñèñòåìà, â êîòîðîé îäèí èç ÷ëåíîâ êàíàëà ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ îáëàäàåò ïðàâîì ñîáñòâåííèêà íàä îñòàëüíûìè ÷ëåíàìè êàíàëà ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ, ëèáî ïðåäñòàâëÿåò èì òîðãîâûå ïðèâèëåãèè, ëèáî îáëàäàåò âîçìîæíîñòüþ, îáåñïå÷èâàþùåé èõ ïîëíîå ñîòðóäíè÷åñòâî.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.28
4.3.4.5 Ðîçïîä³ë íà ïðàâàõ de
âèíÿòêîâîñò³
en
fr
ru
Íàäàííÿ îáìåæåíîìó ÷èñëó äèëåð³â âèêëþ÷íîãî ïðàâà íà ðîçïîä³ë òîâàðó â ðàìêàõ ñâî¿õ çîí çáóòó.
4.3.4.6 Äèëåð de
en
fr
ru
Îñîáà (ô³ðìà), ÿêà çä³éñíþº á³ðæîâå àáî òîðãîâå ïîñåðåäíèöòâî çà ñâ³é ðàõóíîê ³ â³ä ñâîãî ³ìåí³. Âîëî䳺 ì³ñöåì íà á³ðæ³, ïðîâîäèòü êîòèðóâàííÿ áóäü-ÿêèõ ïàïåð³â. Ïðèáóòêè äèëåðà óòâîðþþòüñÿ çà ðàõóíîê ð³çíèö³ ì³æ êóï³âåëüíîþ ³ ïðîäàæíîþ ö³íîþ âàëþò ³ ö³ííèõ ïàïåð³â, à òàêîæ çà ðàõóíîê çì³íè ¿õ êóðñ³â.
4.3.5 Òîâàðíà ïîë³òèêà de
en
fr
ru
Åëåìåíò ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ï³äïðèºìñòâà, ÿêèé âêëþ÷ຠâ ñåáå àñîðòèìåíòíó ïîë³òèêó, ñòâîðåííÿ íîâèõ òîâàð³â ³ çàïóñê ¿õ ó âèðîáíèöòâî, âèêëþ÷åííÿ ³ç åêñïîðòíî¿ ïðîãðàìè òîâàð³â, ÿê³ âòðàòèëè ñïîæèâ÷èé ïîïèò, ìîäèô³êàö³þ òîâàð³â, ïèòàííÿ ïàêóâàííÿ, òîâàðíîãî çíàêó ³ íàçâè òîâàðó.
Verteilung (f) auf Ausschließungsrechte
exclusive distribution
distribution (f) exclusif ðàñïðåäåëåíèå íà ïðàâàõ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíîñòè
Ïðåäîñòàâëåíèå îãðàíè÷åííîìó ÷èñëó äèëåðîâ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíîãî ïðàâà íà ðàñïðåäåëåíèå òîâàðà â ðàìêàõ ñâîèõ ñáûòîâûõ çîí.
Dealer (m) dealer
dealer (m) äèëåð
Ëèöî (ôèðìà), îñóùåñòâëÿþùåå áèðæåâîå èëè òîðãîâîå ïîñðåäíè÷åñòâî çà ñâîé ñ÷åò è îò ñâîåãî èìåíè. Îáëàäàåò ìåñòîì íà áèðæå, ïðîèçâîäèò êîòèðîâêó ëþáûõ áóìàã. Äîõîäû äèëåðà îáðàçóþòñÿ çà ñ÷åò ðàçíèöû ìåæäó ïîêóïíîé è ïðîäàæíîé öåíîé âàëþò è öåííûõ áóìàã, à òàêæå çà ñ÷åò èçìåíåíèÿ èõ êóðñîâ.
Warenpolitik (f)
trade policy
politique (f) de marchandise
òîâàðíàÿ ïîëèòèêà
Ýëåìåíò ìàðêåòèíãîâîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ, âêëþ÷àþùèé â ñåáÿ àññîðòèìåíòíóþ ïîëèòèêó, ñîçäàíèå íîâûõ òîâàðîâ è çàïóñê èõ â ïðîèçâîäñòâî, èñêëþ÷åíèå èç ýêñïîðòíîé ïðîãðàììû òîâàðîâ, ïîòåðÿâøèõ ïîòðåáèòåëüñêèé ñïðîñ, ìîäèôèêàöèþ òîâàðîâ, âîïðîñû óïàêîâêè, òîâàðíîãî çíàêà è íàèìåíîâàíèÿ òîâàðà.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.29
4.3.5.1 Òîâàðíà íîìåíêëàòóðà de en
fr
ru
Ñóêóïí³ñòü âñ³õ àñîðòèìåíòíèõ ãðóï òîâàð³â ³ òîâàðíèõ îäèíèöü, ÿê³ ïðîïîíóþòüñÿ ïîêóïöÿì êîíêðåòíèì ïðîäàâöåì.
4.3.5.2 Òîâàðíèé àñîðòèìåíò de ån
fr
ru
Ãðóïà òîâàð³â, ò³ñíî çâ'ÿçàíèõ ì³æ ñîáîþ çàâäÿêè ïîä³áíîñò³ ¿õ ôóíêö³îíóâàííÿ, àáî çàâäÿêè òîìó, ùî ¿õ ïðîäàþòü îäíèì ³ òèì ñàìèì ãðóïàì ê볺íò³â, ÷è ÷åðåç îäí³ é ò³ ñàìè òèïè òîðãîâèõ çàêëàä³â ÷è â ðàìêàõ îäíîãî ³ òîãî ñàìîãî ä³àïàçîíó ö³í.
4.3.5.3 Ïëàíóâàííÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ de en
fr
ru
Ñèñòåìàòè÷íå ïðèéíÿòòÿ ð³øåíü ç óñ³õ àñïåêò³â ðîçðîáêè ³ óïðàâë³ííÿ ïðîäóêö³ºþ ô³ðìè, âêëþ÷àþ÷è ñòâîðåííÿ òîðãîâî¿ ìàðêè ³ óïàêóâàííÿ.
4.3.5.4 Íîâèé òîâàð de
en
fr
ru
Âèð³á, ÿêèé ì³ñòèòü íîâ³ ÷è äîäàòêîâ³ ôóíêö³îíàëüí³ ìîæëèâîñò³, çì³íè ó ôîðì³, äèçàéí³ ÷è óïàêîâö³, ùî ìàþòü çíà÷åííÿ äëÿ ñïîæèâà÷³â.
Warenverzeichnis (n)
commodity nomenclature nomenclature (f) de marchandise òîâàðíàÿ íîìåíêëàòóðà
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü âñåõ àññîðòèìåíòíûõ ãðóïï òîâàðîâ è òîâàðíûõ åäèíèö, ïðåäëàãàåìûõ ïîêóïàòåëÿì êîíêðåòíûì ïðîäàâöîì.
Warensortiment (n)
assortiment
assortiment (m) de marchandise
òîâàðíûé àññîðòèìåíò
Ãðóïïà òîâàðîâ, òåñíî ñâÿçàííûõ ìåæäó ñîáîé ëèáî â ñèëó ñõîæåñòè èõ ôóíêöèîíèðîâàíèÿ, ëèáî â ñèëó òîãî, ÷òî èõ ïðîäàþò îäíèì è òåì æå ãðóïïàì êëèåíòîâ, èëè ÷åðåç îäíè è òå æå òèïû òîðãîâûõ çàâåäåíèé, èëè â ðàìêàõ îäíîãî è òîãî æå äèàïàçîíà öåí.
Planung (f) des Produktionsausstoßes output planning
planification (f) du produits ïëàíèðîâàíèå ïðîäóêöèè
Ñèñòåìàòè÷åñêîå ïðèíÿòèå ðåøåíèé ïî âñåì àñïåêòàì ðàçðàáîòêè è óïðàâëåíèÿ ïðîäóêöèåé ôèðìû, âêëþ÷àÿ ñîçäàíèå òîðãîâîé ìàðêè è óïàêîâêè.
neu eingeführte Ware (f)
new product
marchandise (f) nouvelle íîâûé òîâàð
Èçäåëèå, êîòîðîå ñîäåðæèò íîâûå èëè äîïîëíèòåëüíûå ôóíêöèîíàëüíûå âîçìîæíîñòè, èçìåíåíèÿ â ôîðìå, äèçàéíå èëè óïàêîâêå, èìåþùèå çíà÷åíèå äëÿ ïîòðåáèòåëåé.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.30
4.3.5.5 Ìîäèô³êàö³ÿ de
en
fr
ru
Çì³íà â ïðîäóêö³¿ êîìïàí³¿, ÿêà âêëþ÷ຠíîâó ìîäåëü, ñòèëü, êîë³ð, ïîêðàùåííÿ òîâàðó ³ íîâó òîðãîâó ìàðêó
4.3.5.6 Òîðãîâà ìàðêà de en
fr
ru
Çàðåºñòðîâàíå ó â³äïîâ³äí³é äåðæàâí³é óñòàíîâ³ ïîçíà÷åííÿ, ÿêå ïðîñòàâëåíå íà òîâàð³ àáî éîãî óïàêîâö³ ³ ñëóæèòü äëÿ ³íäèâ³äóàë³çàö³¿ îäíîð³äíèõ òîâàð³â ³ ¿õ âèðîáíèê³â.
Modifikation (f)
modification (f)
ìîäèôèêàöèÿ
Èçìåíåíèå â ïðîäóêöèè êîìïàíèè, âêëþ÷àþùåå íîâóþ ìîäåëü, ñòèëü, öâåò, óëó÷øåíèå òîâàðà è íîâóþ òîðãîâóþ ìàðêó.
Warenzeichen (n) trade mark
marke (m) de commerce òîðãîâàÿ ìàðêà
Çàðåãèñòðèðîâàííîå â ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåì ãîñóäàðñòâåííîì ó÷ðåæäåíèè îáîçíà÷åíèå, ïðîñòàâëÿåìîå íà òîâàðå èëè åãî óïàêîâêå è ñëóæàùåå äëÿ èíäèâèäóàëèçàöèè îäíîðîäíûõ òîâàðîâ è èõ ïðîèçâîäèòåëåé.
4.3.5.7 Óïàêîâêà de
en
Fr
ru
Âèð³á, ùî âêëþ÷ຠòàðó, â ÿê³é ðîçì³ùóºòüñÿ ïðîäóêö³ÿ, åòèêåòêó ³ ëèñò äëÿ óïàêóâàííÿ.
4.3.6 Ö³íîâèé ìàðêåòèíã de
en fr ru
Îäíà ³ç ôîðì ðåàë³çàö³¿ ñòðàòåã³é ìàðêåòèíãó, ÿêà õàðàêòåðèçóº óïðàâë³ííÿ ö³íîþ ïðîäóêö³¿ ç ìåòîþ çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ñôîðìóëüîâàíèõ ñòðàòå㳺þ çàäà÷.
4.3.6.1 Çíÿòòÿ âåðøê³â de
en
fr
ru
Verpackung (f)
packing
emballage (f)
óïàêîâêà
Èçäåëèå, âêëþ÷àþùåå òàðó, â êîòîðóþ ïîìåùàåòñÿ ïðîäóêöèÿ, ýòèêåòêó è óïàêîâî÷íûé ëèñò.
Preismarketing (n) price marketing marketing (m) du prix öåíîâîé ìàðêåòèíã
Îäíà èç ôîðì ðåàëèçàöèè ñòðàòåãèé ìàðêåòèíãà, õàðàêòåðèçóþùàÿ óïðàâëåíèå öåíîé ïðîäóêöèè ñ öåëüþ îáåñïå÷åíèÿ ñôîðìóëèðîâàííûõ ñòðàòåãèåé çàäà÷.
Rahm (n) Abschöpfung
skim the cream
enlévement (m) de la crème fraiche
ñíÿòèå ñëèâîê
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.31
Ö³íîâà ïîë³òèêà, ùî âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ ïðè ââåäåíí³ íîâîãî òîâàðó íà ðèíîê, êîëè ïîêóïö³ äàþòü áóäü-ÿê³ ãðîø³, ò³ëüêè á éîãî ìàòè.
4.3.6.2 Ö³íà ïðîíèêíåííÿ íà de ðèíîê en
fr
ru
Íèçüêà ö³íà äëÿ òîâàðó ÷è ïîñëóãè, ïðèçíà÷åíà äëÿ çàõîïëåííÿ ìàñîâîãî ðèíêó.
4.3.6.3 Ðîçðàõóíîê ö³íè íà îñíîâ³ de
ïðèíöèïó áåççáèòêîâîñò³
en
fr
ru
Ö³íîóòâîðåííÿ, ÿêå âèõîäèòü ³ç âèòðàò íà âèðîáíèöòâî, ìàðêåòèíã ³ ðîçïîä³ë òîâàðó ç óðàõóâàííÿì îòðèìàííÿ áàæàíîãî ïðèáóòêó
4.3.6.4 Óñòàíîâëåííÿ de äèñêðèì³íàö³éíèõ ö³í
en
fr
ru
Ïðîäàæ òîâàðó ïî ö³íàõ, ÿê³ âñòàíîâëþþòüñÿ áåçâ³äíîñíî äî ð³çíèö³ â ð³âíÿõ çàòðàò.
4.3.6.5 Óñòàíîâëåííÿ ö³íè íà de îñíîâ³ çàêðèòèõ òîðã³â
en
fr
ru
Öåíîâàÿ ïîëèòèêà, èñïîëüçóåìàÿ ïðè ââåäåíèè íîâîãî òîâàðà íà ðûíîê, êîãäà ïîêóïàòåëè äàþò ëþáûå äåíüãè, ëèøü áû åãî èìåòü.
Preis (m) des Marktvorstoßes
early-bid price
prix (m) de la penetration sur le marche
öåíà ïðîíèêíîâåíèÿ ïà ðûíîê
Íèçêàÿ öåíà äëÿ òîâàðà èëè óñëóãè, ïðåäíàçíà÷åííàÿ äëÿ çàõâàòà ìàññîâîãî ðûíêà.
Verrechnungspreis (m) dem
verlustlosen Arbeiten zugrunde
without loss pricing
calculs (m) le prix sur la base principe
sans déficitaire
ðàñ÷åò öåíû íà îñíîâå ïðèíöèïà áåçóáûòî÷íîñòè
Öåíîîáðàçîâàíèå, êîòîðîå èñõîäèò èç èçäåðæåê ïî ïðîèçâîäñòâó, ìàðêåòèíãó è ðàñïðåäåëåíèþ òîâàðà ñ ó÷åòîì ïîëó÷åíèÿ æåëàåìîé ïðèáûëè.
Festsetzung (f) von
Diskriminierungspreise
discriminatory pricing
fixation (f) du prix discriminatoire óñòàíîâëåíèå äèñêðèìèíàöèîííûõ
öåí
Ïðîäàæà òîâàðà ïî öåíàì, óñòàíàâëèâàåìûì áåçîòíîñèòåëüíî ê ðàçíèöå â óðîâíÿõ èçäåðæåê.
Preisfestsetzung (f) der geschlossenen
Ausschreibung
auction by tender pricing
fixation (f) du prix sur la base
adjudication ferme
óñòàíîâëåíèå öåíû íà îñíîâå
çàêðûòûõ òîðãîâ
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.32
Ðîçðàõóíîê ö³íè, âèõîäÿ÷è ³ç î÷³êóâàíèõ ö³íîâèõ ïðîïîçèö³é êîíêóðåíò³â, à íå íà îñíîâ³ ïîêàçíèê³â âèòðàò ³ ïîïèòó.
4.3.6.6 Óñòàíîâëåííÿ çîíàëüíèõ de ö³í en
fr
ru
Óñòàíîâëåííÿ ö³í çà ãåîãðàô³÷íèì ïðèíöèïîì, êîëè âñ³ çàìîâíèêè â ìåæàõ çîíè ïëàòÿòü îäíó ³ òó ñàìó ñóìàðíó ö³íó, à ñàì³ ö³íè ï³äâèùóþòüñÿ ïî ì³ð³ â³ääàëåííÿ çîíè.
4.3.7 Ïðîñóâàííÿ òîâàðó de
en fr ru
Áóäü-ÿêà ôîðìà ïîâ³äîìëåíü, ÿê³ âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ ô³ðìîþ äëÿ ³íôîðìàö³¿, ïåðåêîíàííÿ ÷è íàãàäóâàííÿ ëþäÿì ïðî ñâî¿ òîâàðè, ïîñëóãè, îáðàçè, ³äå¿, ñóñï³ëüíó ä³ÿëüí³ñòü òà ¿õ âïëèâ íà ñóñï³ëüñòâî.
4.3.7.1 Ðåêëàìà de
en
fr
ru
²íôîðìàö³ÿ ïðî òîâàðè, ð³çí³ âèäè ïîñëóã ç ìåòîþ îïîâ³ùåííÿ ñïîæèâà÷³â ³ ñòâîðåííÿ ïîïèòó íà ö³ òîâàðè ³ ïîñëóãè.
4.3.7.2 Ïàáë³ñ³ò³ de
en
fr
ru
Íåîñîáèñòå ñòèìóëþâàííÿ ïîïèòó íà òîâàð, ïîñëóãó àáî ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ç äîïîìîãîþ
Ðàñ÷åò öåíû, èñõîäÿ èç îæèäàåìûõ öåíîâûõ ïðåäëîæåíèé êîíêóðåíòîâ, à íå íà îñíîâå ïîêàçàòåëåé èçäåðæåê è ñïðîñà.
Festsetzung (f) von Zonenpreise
zone prising
fixation (f) du prix zonales óñòàíîâëåíèå çîíàëüíûõ öåí
Óñòàíîâëåíèå öåí ïî ãåîãðàôè÷åñêîìó ïðèíöèïó, êîãäà âñå çàêàç÷èêè â ãðàíèöàõ çîíû ïëàòÿò îäíó è òó æå ñóììàðíóþ öåíó, à ñàìè öåíû ïîâûøàþòñÿ ïî ìåðå óäàëåííîñòè çîíû.
Einführung (f) der Ware
sales promotion
avancement (m) de marchandise ïðîäâèæåíèå òîâàðà
Ëþáàÿ ôîðìà ñîîáùåíèé, èñïîëüçóåìûõ ôèðìîé äëÿ èíôîðìàöèè, óáåæäåíèÿ èëè íàïîìèíàíèÿ ëþäÿì î ñâîèõ òîâàðàõ, óñëóãàõ, îáðàçàõ, èäåÿõ, îáùåñòâåííîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè è èõ âëèÿíèè íà îáùåñòâî.
Reklame (f)
advertisement
reclame (f)
ðåêëàìà
Èíôîðìàöèÿ î òîâàðàõ, ðàçëè÷íûõ âèäàõ óñëóã ñ öåëüþ îïîâåùåíèÿ ïîòðåáèòåëåé è ñîçäàíèÿ ñïðîñà íà ýòè òîâàðû è óñëóãè.
Publizität (f)
publicity
pabliciti (f)
ïàáëèñèòè
Íåëè÷íîñòíîå ñòèìóëèðîâàíèå ñïðîñà íà òîâàð, óñëóãó èëè äåÿòåëüíîñòü ïîñðåäñòâîì
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.33
ðîçì³ùåííÿ êîìåðö³éíî âàæëèâèõ íîâèí ó âèäàííÿõ àáî îòðèìàííÿ ñïðèÿòëèâèõ ïðåçåíòàö³é íà ðàä³î, òåëåáà÷åíí³ àáî ñöåí³, ÿê³ íå ñïëà÷óþòüñÿ ïåâíèìè ñïîíñîðàìè.
4.3.7.3 Ïåðñîíàëüíèé ïðîäàæ de
en
fr
ru
×àñòèíà ïðîñóâàííÿ òîâàð³â ³ ïîñëóã, ùî âêëþ÷ຠ¿õ óñíå ïîäàííÿ â áåñ³ä³ ç îäíèì ÷è äåê³ëüêîìà ïîòåíö³éíèìè ïîêóïöÿìè ç ìåòîþ ïðîäàæó.
4.3.8 Ñòèìóëþâàííÿ çáóòó de
en
fr
ru
Ïðîöåñ, ùî âêëþ÷ຠìàðêåòèíãîâó ä³ÿëüí³ñòü, â³äì³ííó â³ä ðåêëàìè, ïàáë³ñ³ò³ àáî ïåðñîíàëüíèé ïðîäàæ, ÿêèé ñòèìóëþº êóï³âëþ ñïîæèâà÷àìè àáî äèëåðàìè.
ïîìåùåíèÿ êîììåð÷åñêè âàæíûõ íîâîñòåé â èçäàíèÿõ èëè ïîëó÷åíèÿ áëàãîïðèÿòíûõ ïðåçåíòàöèé íà ðàäèî, òåëåâèäåíèè èëè ñöåíå, êîòîðûå íå îïëà÷èâàþòñÿ îïðåäåëåííûìè ñïîíñîðàìè.
Personalverkauf (f)
personal sale
vente (f) personnelle
ïåðñîíàëüíàÿ ïðîäàæà
×àñòü ïðîäâèæåíèÿ òîâàðîâ è óñëóã, âêëþ÷àþùàÿ èõ óñòíîå ïðåäñòàâëåíèå â áåñåäå ñ îäíèì èëè íåñêîëüêèìè ïîòåíöèàëüíûìè ïîêóïàòåëÿìè ñ öåëüþ ïðîäàæè.
Absatzbörderung (f)
promotion
incitation (f) a l'ecoulement
ñòèìóëèðîâàíèå ñáûòà
Ïðîöåññ, âêëþ÷àþùèé ìàðêåòèíãîâóþ äåÿòåëüíîñòü, îòëè÷íóþ îò ðåêëàìû, ïàáëèñèòè èëè ïåðñîíàëüíóþ ïðîäàæó, êîòîðàÿ ñòèìóëèðóåò ïîêóïêè ïîòðåáèòåëåé èëè äèëåðîâ.
4.4 Îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ íà ï³äïðèºìñòâàõ òà â îðãàí³çàö³ÿõ ïðîìèñëîâîñò³ áóäìàòåð³àë³â òà âèðîá³â
4.4.1.1 Ìàðêåòèíã de
en
fr
ru
l. Ñèñòåìà îðãàí³çàö³¿ ³ óïðàâë³ííÿ ä³ÿëüí³ñòþ ô³ðìè, ÿêà ñïðÿìîâàíà íà çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ìàêñèìàëüíîãî çáóòó ¿¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, äîñÿãíåííÿ âèñîêî¿ åôåêòèâíîñò³ åêñïîðòíèõ âèðîá³â ³ ðîçøèðåííÿ ðèíêîâî¿ ÷àñòêè.
Marketing (n) marketing marketing (m) ìàðêåòèíã
l. Ñèñòåìà îðãàíèçàöèè è óïðàâëåíèÿ äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ ôèðìû, íàïðàâëåííàÿ íà îáåñïå÷åíèå ìàêñèìàëüíîãî ñáûòà åå ïðîäóêöèè, äîñòèæåíèÿ âûñîêîé ýôôåêòèâíîñòè ýêñïîðòíûõ èçäåëèé è ðàñøèðåíèÿ ðûíî÷íîé äîëè.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.34
2. Ñèñòåìà ñòðàòåã³÷íîãî óïðàâë³ííÿ âèðîáíè÷î-çáóòîâîþ ä³ÿëüí³ñòþ ô³ðìè, ÿêà ñêåðîâàíà íà ìàêñèì³çàö³þ ïðèáóòêó ÷åðåç óðàõóâàííÿ ³ àêòèâíèé âïëèâ íà ðèíêîâ³ óìîâè.
4.4.1.1.1 Êîíöåïö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó de
en fr ru
Êîíöåïö³ÿ, ÿêà áàçóºòüñÿ íà âèçíà÷åíí³ ïîòðåá ³ ðåàëüíèõ êóï³âåëüíèõ îö³íîê àñîðòèìåíòó ³ ÿêîñò³ òîâàð³â ³ âèçíàííÿ íåîáõ³äíîñò³ ïðèñòîñóâàííÿ âèðîáíèöòâà ³ çáóòó äî öèõ ïîòðåá ³ îö³íîê, ïðè÷îìó êðàùå ³ åôåêòèâí³øå í³æ öå ðîáëÿòü êîíêóðåíòè.
4.4.1.1.2 Ñòðóêòóðà ìàðêåòèíãó de
en fr ru
Êîíêðåòíå ïîºäíàííÿ åëåìåíò³â ìàðêåòèíãó äëÿ äîñÿãíåííÿ ïîñòàâëåíèõ ö³ëåé ³ çàäîâîëåííÿ ö³ëüîâîãî ðèíêó.
4.4.1.1.3 Ñèñòåìà ìàðêåòèíãó de
en fr ru
Êîìïëåêñ íàéá³ëüø ³ñòîòíèõ ðèíêîâèõ â³äíîñèí ³ ³íôîðìàö³éíèõ ïîòîê³â, ÿê³ çâ'ÿçóþòü ô³ðìó ç ðèíêàìè çáóòó ¿¿ òîâàð³â.
4.4.1.1.4 Êîìïëåêñ ìàðêåòèíãó de
en fr ru
2. Ñèñòåìà ñòðàòåãè÷åñêîãî óïðàâëåíèÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâåííî-ñáûòîâîé äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ ôèðìû, íàïðàâëåííàÿ íà ìàêñèìèçàöèþ ïðèáûëè ïîñðåäñòâîì ó÷åòà è àêòèâíîãî âëèÿíèÿ íà ðûíî÷íûå óñëîâèÿ.
Marketingskonzeption (f) concept of marketing
concept (m) dumarketing êîíöåïöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà
Êîíöåïöèÿ, îñíîâàííàÿ íà îïðåäåëåíèè ïîòðåáíîñòåé è ðåàëüíûõ ïîêóïàòåëüñêèõ îöåíîê àññîðòèìåíòà è êà÷åñòâà òîâàðîâ è ïðèçíàíèÿ íåîáõîäèìîñòè ïðèñïîñîáëåíèÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâà è ñáûòà ê ýòèì ïîòðåáíîñòÿì è îöåíêàì, ïðè÷åì ëó÷øå è ýôôåêòèâíåå ÷åì ýòî äåëàþò êîíêóðåíòû.
Marketingsstruktur (f) marketing structure
structure (f) du marketing ñòðóêòóðà ìàðêåòèíãà
Êîíêðåòíîå ñî÷åòàíèå ýëåìåíòîâ ìàðêåòèíãà äëÿ äîñòèæåíèÿ ïîñòàâëåííûõ öåëåé è óäîâëåòâîðåíèÿ öåëåâîãî ðûíêà.
Marketingssystem (m) marketing system
systeme (f) du marketing ñèñòåìà ìàðêåòèíãà
Êîìïëåêñ íàèáîëåå ñóùåñòâåííûõ ðûíî÷íûõ îòíîøåíèé è èíôîðìàöèîííûõ ïîòîêîâ, êîòîðûå ñâÿçûâàþò ôèðìó ñ ðûíêàìè ñáûòà åå òîâàðîâ.
Marketingskomplex (m)
marketing complex
complexe (m) du marketing êîìïëåêñ ìàðêåòèíãà
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.35
Íàá³ð çì³ííèõ ôàêòîð³â ìàðêåòèíãó, ùî ï³ääàþòüñÿ êîíòðîëþ, ñóêóïí³ñòü ÿêèõ ô³ðìà âèêîðèñòîâóº, ïðàãíó÷è âèêëèêàòè áàæàíó â³äïîâ³äíó ðåàêö³þ ç áîêó ö³ëüîâîãî ðèíêó.
4.4.1.2 Óïðàâë³ííÿ ìàðêåòèíãîì de
en
fr
ru
Ïðîöåñ àíàë³çó, ïëàíóâàííÿ ³ ïðîâåäåííÿ çàõîä³â ó ñôåð³ äîñÿãíåííÿ ïåâíèõ ö³ëåé.
4.4.1.2.1 Êîíöåíòðîâàíèé de ìàðêåòèíã en
fr
ru
Çîñåðåäæåííÿ ìàðêåòèíãîâèõ çóñèëü íà âåëèê³é ÷àñòö³ îäíîãî ÷è äåê³ëüêîõ ñóáðèíê³â íà ïðîòèâàãó çîñåðåäæåííþ ¿õ íà íåâåëèê³é ÷àñòö³ âåëèêîãî ðèíêó.
4.4.1.2.2 Ïðîáíèé ìàðêåòèíã de
en
fr
ru
Ðåàë³çàö³ÿ ïðîäóêòó â îäíîìó ÷è äåê³ëüêîõ âèáðàíèõ ðåã³îíàõ ³ ñïîñòåðåæåííÿ çà ðåàëüíèì ðîçâèòêîì ïîä³é â ðàìêàõ ïëàíó ìàðêåòèíãó, ùî ïåðåäáà÷àºòüñÿ.
4.4.1.2.3 Çàñòîñóâàííÿ ìàðêåòèíãó de
en
fr
ru
Íàáîð ïîääàþùèõñÿ êîíòðîëþ ïåðåìåííûõ ôàêòîðîâ ìàðêåòèíãà, ñîâîêóïíîñòü êîòîðûõ ôèðìà èñïîëüçóåò â ñòðåìëåíèè âûçâàòü æåëàåìóþ îòâåòíóþ ðåàêöèþ ñî ñòîðîíû öåëåâîãî ðûíêà.
Leitung (f) des Marketmgs marketing management administration (f) du marketing óïðàâëåíèå ìàðêåòèíãîì
Ïðîöåññ àíàëèçà, ïëàíèðîâàíèÿ è ïðîâåäåíèÿ ìåðîïðèÿòèé â ñôåðå äîñòèæåíèÿ îïðåäåëåííûõ öåëåé.
konzentriertes Marketing (n)
concentrated marketing
marketing (m) concentre
êîíöåíòðèðîâàííûé ìàðêåòèíã
Ñîñðåäîòî÷åíèå ìàðêåòèíãîâûõ óñèëèé íà áîëüøîé äîëå îäíîãî èëè íåñêîëüêèõ ñóáðûíêîâ â ïðîòèâîâåñ ñîñðåäîòî÷åíèþ èõ íà íåáîëüøîé äîëå áîëüøîãî ðûíêà.
Probenmarketing (n) test marketing marketing (m) d'essai ïðîáíûé ìàðêåòèíã
Ðåàëèçàöèÿ ïðîäóêòà â îäíîì èëè íåñêîëüêèõ âûáðàííûõ ðåãèîíàõ è íàáëþäåíèå çà ðåàëüíûì ðàçâèòèåì ñîáûòèé â ðàìêàõ ïðåäïîëàãàåìîãî ïëàíà ìàðêåòèíãà.
Marketingsanwendung(f) marketing realization
application (f) du marketing ïðèìåíåíèå ìàðêåòèíãà
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.36
Ðåàë³çàö³ÿ ñèñòåìíîãî ï³äõîäó äî óïðàâë³íñüêî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ç ÷³òêî ïîñòàâëåíîþ ìåòîþ, äåòàë³çîâàíîþ ñóêóïí³ñòþ çàõîä³â, íàïðàâëåíèõ íà ¿¿ äîñÿãíåííÿ, à òàêîæ âèêîðèñòàííÿ â³äïîâ³äíîãî îðãàí³çàö³éíî-åêîíîì³÷íîãî ìåõàí³çìó.
4.4.1.2.4 Ìàðêåòèíãîâà ðåâ³ç³ÿ de
en
fr
ru
Ñèñòåìàòèçîâàíà îö³íêà òà îãëÿä îñíîâíèõ ö³ëåé ³ ïîë³òèêè ìàðêåòèíãîâèõ ôóíêö³é îðãàí³çàö³¿, ìåòîä³â, ïðîöåäóð ³ ïåðñîíàëó, ÿêèé âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ äëÿ ðåàë³çàö³¿ ö³º¿ ïîë³òèêè ³ äîñÿãíåííÿ ïîñòàâëåíèõ ö³ëåé.
4.4.2.1 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó de
en
fr
ru
Ôîðìóâàííÿ ³ ðåàë³çàö³ÿ ö³ëåé òà çàäà÷ ï³äïðèºìñòâà-âèðîáíèêà ³ åêñïîðòåðà ïî êîæíîìó îêðåìîìó ðèíêó (ñåãìåíòó ðèíêó) è êîæíîìó òîâàðó íà ïåâíèé ïåð³îä ÷àñó äëÿ çä³éñíåííÿ âèðîáíè÷î-êîìåðö³éíî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ â ïîâí³é â³äïîâ³äíîñò³ ç ðèíêîâîþ ñèòóàö³ºþ ³ ìîæëèâîñòÿìè ï³äïðèºìñòâà.
4.4.2.1.1 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ àêòèâíîãî de âïëèâó en
fr
ru
³äìîâà óïðàâë³íñüêî¿ ïðàêòèêè â³ä ïàñèâíîãî ïðèñòîñóâàííÿ äî ðèíêîâèõ
Ðåàëèçàöèÿ ñèñòåìíîãî ïîäõîäà ê óïðàâëåí÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ñ ÷åòêî ïîñòàâëåííîé öåëüþ, äåòàëèçèðîâàííîé ñîâîêóïíîñòüþ ìåðîïðèÿòèé, íàïðàâëåííûõ íà åå äîñòèæåíèå, à òàêæå èñïîëüçîâàíèå ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåãî îðãàíèçàöèîííî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî ìåõàíèçìà.
marketinge Revision (f)
marketing audit
audit (m) marketing
ìàðêåòèíãîâàÿ ðåâèçèÿ
Ñèñòåìàòèçèðîâàííàÿ îöåíêà è îáçîð îñíîâíûõ öåëåé è ïîëèòèêè ìàðêåòèíãîâûõ ôóíêöèé îðãàíèçàöèè, ìåòîäîâ, ïðîöåäóð è ïåðñîíàëà, èñïîëüçóåìîãî äëÿ ðåàëèçàöèè ýòîé ïîëèòèêè è äîñòèæåíèÿ ïîñòàâëåííûõ öåëåé.
Strategie (f) des Marketings
strategy of marketing
strategic (f) du marketing
ñòðàòåãèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà
Ôîðìèðîâàíèå è ðåàëèçàöèÿ öåëåé è çàäà÷ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ-èçãîòîâèòåëÿ è ýêñïîðòåðà ïî êàæäîìó îòäåëüíîìó ðûíêó (ñåãìåíòó ðûíêà) è êàæäîìó òîâàðó íà îïðåäåëåííûé ïåðèîä âðåìåíè äëÿ îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâåííî-êîììåð÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè â ïîëíîì ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ðûíî÷íîé ñèòóàöèåé è âîçìîæíîñòÿìè ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ.
Strategie (f) der aktiven Einwirkung strategy of active influence
strategie (f) de l'influence active ñòðàòåãèÿ àêòèâíîãî âîçäåéñòâèÿ
Îòêàç óïðàâëåí÷åñêîé ïðàêòèêè îò ïàññèâíîãî ïðèñïîñîáëåíèÿ ê ðûíî÷íûì óñëîâèÿì, ïåðåõîä ê
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.37
óìîâ, ïåðåõ³ä äî ïîë³òèêè âïëèâó íà ðèíîê ç ìåòîþ àêòèâíîãî ôîðìóâàííÿ ïîïèòó íà ïðîäóêö³þ, ùî çáóâàºòüñÿ, êîíòðîëþ çà òåõí³÷íèì ïðîãðåñîì, âïëèâó íà äåðæàâíó ïîë³òèêó.
4.4.2.1.2 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ âåðòèêàëüíî¿ de ³íòåãðàö³¿ en
fr
ru
Ñòðàòåã³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó, ÿêà ñïðÿìîâàíà íà ðîçøèðåííÿ çáóòîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ô³ðìè øëÿõîì ïðèºäíàííÿ äî íå¿ êîìïîíåíò-ïîñòà÷àëüíèê³â ñèðîâèíè, ìàòåð³àë³â ³ íàï³âôàáðèêàò³â, à òàêîæ çáóòîâèõ ô³ðì.
4.4.2.1.3 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ äèâåðñèô³êàö³¿ de
en
fr
ru
Ñèñòåìà çàõîä³â, ÿêà âèêîðèñòîâóºòüñÿ äëÿ òîãî, ùîá îðãàí³çàö³ÿ íå ñòàëà çàíàäòî çàëåæíîþ â³ä îäíîãî ñòðàòåã³÷íîãî ãîñïîäàð÷îãî ï³äðîçä³ëó àáî îäí³º¿ àñîðòèìåíòíî¿ ãðóïè.
4.4.2.1.4 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ äèôåðåíö³éî- de âàíîãî ìàðêåòèíãó
en
fr
ru
Ðîçðîáêà ñïåö³àëüíî¿ ïðîãðàìè ìàðêåòèíãó ïî â³äíîøåííþ äî êîæíîãî ðèíêîâîãî ñåãìåíòà. ÿêà ìàêñèìàëüíî âðàõîâóº éîãî ñïåöèô³÷í³ ðèñè.
4.4.2.1.5 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ íèçüêèõ âèòðàò de
en
ïîëèòèêå âîçäåéñòâèÿ íà ðûíîê ñ öåëüþ àêòèâíîãî ôîðìèðîâàíèÿ ñïðîñà íà ñáûâàåìóþ ïðîäóêöèþ, êîíòðîëÿ çà òåõíè÷åñêèì ïðîãðåññîì, âëèÿíèÿ íà ãîñóäàðñòâåííóþ ïîëèòèêó.
Strategie (f) der vertikalen Integration strategy of vertical integration stratégie (f) de l'intégration en amont ñòðàòåãèÿ âåðòèêàëüíîé èíòåãðàöèè
Ñòðàòåãèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà, íàïðàâëåííàÿ íà ðàñøèðåíèå ñáûòîâîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ôèðìû ïîñðåäñòâîì ïðèñîåäèíåíèÿ ê íåé êîìïîíåíò-ïîñòàâùèêîâ ñûðüÿ, ìàòåðèàëîâ è ïîëóôàáðèêàòîâ, à òàêæå ñáûòîâûõ ôèðì.
Strategie (f) der Diversification strategy of diversification
tratégie (f) de la diversification ñòðàòåãèÿ äèâåðñèôèêàöèè
Ñèñòåìà ìåðîïðèÿòèé, èñïîëüçóåìàÿ äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû îðãàíèçàöèÿ íå ñòàëà ÷åðåñ÷óð çàâèñèìîé îò îäíîãî ñòðàòåãè÷åñêîãî õîçÿéñòâåííîãî ïîäðàçäåëåíèÿ èëè îäíîé àññîðòèìåíòíîé ãðóïïû.
Strategie (f) des differenzierten
strategy of differential marketing
strategie (f) du marketing différent
ñòðàòåãèÿ äèôôåðåíöèðîâàííîãî
ìàðêåòèíãà
Ðàçðàáîòêà ñïåöèàëüíîé ïðîãðàììû ìàðêåòèíãà íî îòíîøåíèþ ê êàæäîìó ðûíî÷íîìó ñåãìåíòó, ìàêñèìàëüíî ó÷èòûâàþùåé åãî ñïåöèôè÷åñêèå ÷åðòû.
Strategie (f) der kleinen Kosten low expenses strategy
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.38
fr
ru
Íàïðÿìîê ïîë³òèêè ô³ðìè, ÿêèé çâ'ÿçóº äîñÿãíåííÿ êîíêóðåíòíèõ ïåðåâàã ³ç çàáåçïå÷åííÿì á³ëüø äåøåâîãî âèðîáíèöòâà ³ çáóòó ïðîäóêö³¿.
4.4.2.1.6 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ ï³äòðèìêè de ð³âíÿ çáóòó
en
fr
ru
Ñòðàòåã³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó, ñïðÿìîâàíà íà çáåðåæåííÿ ³ñíóþ÷î¿ ðèíêîâî¿ ÷àñòêè ³ ð³âíÿ ïðèáóòêîâîñò³, ÿêà íå âèêëèêຠáåçïîñåðåäí³õ òðóäíîù³â ó ðåàë³çàö³¿.
4.4.2.1.7 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ ïîñòóïîâîãî de çãîðòàííÿ îïåðàö³é
en
fr
ru
Ñòðàòåã³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó, ÿêà ïîëÿãຠâ âèêîðèñòàíí³ ïåâíîãî ï³äðîçä³ëó âèðîáíèöòâà ÿê äæåðåëà íàäõîäæåííÿ ô³íàíñîâèõ ðåñóðñ³â ïðè â³äìîâ³ â³ä êàï³òàëîâêëàäåíü ó ìîäåðí³çàö³þ ³ ïîñòóïîâå çíèæåííÿ ð³âíÿ ô³íàíñóâàííÿ ïîòî÷íèõ âèòðàò.
4.4.2.1.8 Ñòðàòåã³ÿ ðîçðîáêè de òîâàðó en
fr
ru
Strategie (f) des grave couts ñòðàòåãèÿ íèçêèõ èçäåðæåê
Íàïðàâëåíèå ïîëèòèêè ôèðìû, êîòîðîå ñâÿçûâàåò äîñòèæåíèÿ êîíêóðåíòíûõ ïðåèìóùåñòâ ñ îáåñïå÷åíèåì áîëåå äåøåâîãî ïðîèçâîäñòâà è ñáûòà ïðîäóêöèè.
Unterstutzungsstrategie (f) des
Absatmiveaus
sales strategy
strategic (f) du maintien le niveau de vente
ñòðàòåãèÿ ïîääåðæàíèÿ óðîâíÿ ñáûòà
Ñòðàòåãèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà, íàïðàâëåííàÿ íà ñîõðàíåíèå ñóùåñòâóþùåé ðûíî÷íîé äîëè è óðîâíÿ ïðèáûëüíîñòè è íå ïðåäñòàâëÿþùàÿ íåïîñðåäñòâåííûõ òðóäíîñòåé â ðåàëèçàöèè.
Stratégie (f) der allmählichen
Operationskürzung
strategy of gradual operation
curtailment
strategie (f) de progressif plier operation ñòðàòåãèÿ ïîñòåïåííîãî
ñâîðà÷èâàíèÿ îïåðàöèé
Ñòðàòåãèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà, ñîñòîÿùàÿ â èñïîëüçîâàíèè îïðåäåëåííîãî ïîäðàçäåëåíèÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâà â ³ êà÷åñòâå èñòî÷íèêà ïîñòóïëåíèÿ ôèíàíñîâûõ ðåñóðñîâ ïðè îòêàçå îò êàïèòàëîâëîæåíèé â ìîäåðíèçàöèþ è ïîñòåïåííîå ñíèæåíèå óðîâíÿ ôèíàíñèðîâàíèÿ òåêóùèõ ðàñõîäîâ.
Strategie (f) der Warengestaltung strategy of product elaboration Strategie (f) de élaboration de
marchandise
ñòðàòåãèÿ ðàçðàáîòêè òîâàðà
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.39
Ñóêóïí³ñòü êðèòåð³¿â, çàäà÷ ³ ïðàâèë äëÿ ïðèéíÿòòÿ ð³øåíü, ÿê³ âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ òîä³, êîëè ñòðàòåã³÷íèé ãîñïîäàðñüêèé ï³äðîçä³ë ìຠðÿä óñï³øíèõ òîðãîâèõ ìàðîê.
4.4.2.1.9 Îð³ºíòàö³ÿ íà ðèíîê de çáóòó en
fr
ru
Îñíîâíà îçíàêà ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ñòðàòå㳿 óïðàâë³ííÿ ô³ðìîþ, âèðàæåíà, ïåðø çà âñå, â ïåðåíåñåíí³ öåíòðó óïðàâë³íñüêèõ ð³øåíü ó çáóòîâ³ ëàíêè êîðïîðàö³¿. Îñíîâíèìè îá'ºêòàìè âèâ÷åííÿ òà âïëèâó âèñòóïàþòü ñïîæèâà÷, êîíêóðåíòè, êîí'þíêòóðà ñàìîãî ðèíêó ³ õàðàêòåðèñòèêè òîâàðó.
4.4.3.1 Àíàë³ç ïëàíó ìàðêåòèíãó de
en
fr
ru
Àíàë³ç, ùî âêëþ÷ຠïîð³âíÿííÿ ðåàëüíîãî ðîçâèòêó ïîä³é ³ç çàïëàíîâàíèìè àáî î÷³êóâàíèìè ïîêàçíèêàìè ïðîòÿãîì ïåâíîãî ïåð³îäó ÷àñó.
4.4.3.2 Ñòðàòåã³÷íèé ïëàí de
en
fr
ru
Ïëàí, ùî âêàçóº, ÿê³ ìàðêåòèíãîⳠ䳿 ô³ðìà ïîâèííà çä³éñíèòè, ÷îìó âîíè íåîáõ³äí³, õòî â³äïîâ³äຠçà ¿õ ðåàë³çàö³þ, äå âîíè áóäóòü âæèò³ ³ ÿê âîíè áóäóòü çàâåðøåí³.
Ñîâîêóïíîñòü êðèòåðèåâ, çàäà÷ è ïðàâèë äëÿ ïðèíÿòèÿ ðåøåíèé, èñïîëüçóåìûõ òîãäà, êîãäà ñòðàòåãè÷åñêîå õîçÿéñòâåííîå ïîäðàçäåëåíèå èìååò ðÿä óñïåøíûõ òîðãîâûõ ìàðîê.
Orientierung (f) auf den Absatzmarkt market orientation
orientation (f) sur le marché débouché îðèåíòàöèÿ íà ðûíîê ñáûòà
Îñíîâíîé ïðèçíàê ìàðêåòèíãîâîé ñòðàòåãèè óïðàâëåíèÿ ôèðìîé, âûðàæåííûé, ïðåæäå âñåãî, â ïåðåíåñåíèè öåíòðà óïðàâëåí÷åñêèõ ðåøåíèé â ñáûòîâûå çâåíüÿ êîðïîðàöèè. Îñíîâíûìè îáúåêòàìè èçó÷åíèÿ è âîçäåéñòâèÿ âûñòóïàþò ïîòðåáèòåëü, êîíêóðåíòû, êîíúþíêòóðà ñàìîãî ðûíêà è õàðàêòåðèñòèêè òîâàðà.
Analyse (f) des Marketingsplanes marketing plan analysis
analyse (f) le plan du marketing àíàëèç ïëàíà ìàðêåòèíãà
Àíàëèç, âêëþ÷àþùèé ñðàâíåíèå ðåàëüíîãî ðàçâèòèÿ ñîáûòèé ñ çàïëàíèðîâàííûìè èëè îæèäàåìûìè ïîêàçàòåëÿìè â òå÷åíèå îïðåäåëåííîãî ïåðèîäà âðåìåíè.
strategischer Plan (m) strategic plan
plan (m) strategique ñòðàòåãè÷åñêèé ïëàí
Ïëàí, óêàçûâàþùèé, êàêèå ìàðêåòèíãîâûå äåéñòâèÿ ôèðìà äîëæíà ïðåäïðèíÿòü, ïî÷åìó îíè íåîáõîäèìû, êòî îòâå÷àåò çà èõ ðåàëèçàöèþ, ãäå îíè áóäóò ïðåäïðèíÿòû è êàê îíè áóäóò çàâåðøåíû.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.40
4.4.3.3 Ðîçðîáêà ïëàíó çâåðõó âíèç de
en
fr
ru
Ðîçðîáêà ïëàíó ìàðêåòèíãó, çà ÿêîãî ïëàíîâà ä³ÿëüí³ñòü êåðóºòüñÿ ³ êîíòðîëþºòüñÿ êåð³âíèöòâîì ô³ðìè.
4.4.3.4 Ðîçðîáêè ïëàíó çíèçó de ââåðõ
en
fr
ru
Ðîçðîáêà ïëàíó ìàðêåòèíãó, ïðè ÿêîìó ö³ë³, áþäæåòè, ïðîãíîçè, ñòðîêè ³ ñòðàòå㳿 ìàðêåòèíãó âñòàíîâëþþòüñÿ íà îñíîâ³ ³íôîðìàö³¿ ïðîäàâö³â, óïðàâëÿþ÷èõ ïî ïðîäóêòàõ, ñï³âðîá³òíèê³â â³ää³ë³â ðåêëàìè òà ³íøèõ ñëóæá ìàðêåòèíãó.
4.4.3.5 Çóñòð³÷íå ïëàíóâàííÿ de ìàðêåòèíãó en
fr
ru
Ïëàíóâàííÿ, çà ÿêîãî êåð³âíèöòâî êîìïàí³¿ íà îñíîâ³ çàãàëüíîãî àíàë³çó ðèíêîâî¿ ñèòóàö³¿ ³ âèÿâëåííÿ âíóòð³øí³õ ðåñóðñ³â êîìïàí³¿ ôîðìóº îñíîâí³ ö³ë³ ¿¿ ðèíêîâî¿ ïîë³òèêè íà ïåð³îä ïëàíóâàííÿ.
4.4.4.1 Ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó de
en
fr
ru
Ñèñòåìà âçàºìîçâ'ÿçàíèõ çàõîä³â, ùî âèçíà÷àþòü 䳿 ï³äïðèºìñòâà-âèðîáíèêà ³ åêñïîðòåðà íà çàäàíèé ïåð³îä
Planausarbeitung (f) von oben nach
unter
top-down plan development
elaboration (f) du plan d'en haul en bas
ðàçðàáîòêà ïëàíà ñâåðõó âíèç
Ðàçðàáîòêà ïëàíà ìàðêåòèíãà, ïðè êîòîðîì ïëàíîâàÿ äåÿòåëüíîñòü óïðàâëÿåòñÿ è êîíòðîëèðóåòñÿ ðóêîâîäñòâîì ôèðìû.
Planausarbeitung (f) von unten nach
oben
upward plan development
eleboration (f) du plan d'en bas en haut
ðàçðàáîòêà ïëàíà ñíèçó ââåðõ
Ðàçðàáîòêà ïëàíà ìàðêåòèíãà, ïðè êîòîðîì öåëè, áþäæåòû, ïðîãíîçû, ñðîêè è ñòðàòåãèè ìàðêåòèíãà óñòàíàâëèâàþòñÿ íà îñíîâå èíôîðìàöèè ïðîäàâöîâ, óïðàâëÿþùèõ ïî ïðîäóêòàì, ñîòðóäíèêîâ îòäåëîâ ðåêëàìû è äðóãèõ ñëóæá ìàðêåòèíãà.
Gegenplanung (f) des Marketings counter planning
rencontre planning (m) du marketing âñòðå÷íîå ïëàíèðîâàíèå ìàðêåòèíãà
Ïëàíèðîâàíèå, ïðè êîòîðîì ðóêîâîäñòâî êîìïàíèè íà îñíîâå îáùåãî àíàëèçà ðûíî÷íîé ñèòóàöèè è âûÿâëåíèÿ âíóòðåííèõ ðåñóðñîâ êîìïàíèè ôîðìèðóåò îñíîâíûå öåëè åå ðûíî÷íîé ïîëèòèêè íà ïëàíèðóåìûé ïåðèîä.
Marketingsprogramm (n)
marketing program
programme (m) du marketing ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà
Ñèñòåìà âçàèìîñâÿçàííûõ ìåðîïðèÿòèé, îïðåäåëÿþùèõ äåéñòâèÿ ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ-ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ è ýêñïîðòåðà íà çàäàííûé
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.41
÷àñó ïî âñ³õ áëîêàõ ìàðêåòèíãó. Ôîðìóºòüñÿ íà îñíîâ³ êîìïëåêñíîãî äîñë³äæåííÿ ðèíêó, âèÿâëåííÿ çàïèò³â ïîêóïö³â, ñòðàòå㳿 ³ òàêòèêè ìàðêåòèíãó.
4.4.4.1.1 Äîâãîñòðîêîâà de ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó
en
fr
ru
Ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó, ÿêà îõîïëþº çàõîäè, ðîçðàõîâàí³ íà òðèâàëèé ïåð³îä ÷àñó â³äïîâ³äíî çà ïðèéíÿòî¿ ñòðàòå㳿 ìàðêåòèíãó.
4.4.4.1.2 Êîðîòêîñòðîêîâà de
ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó en
fr
ru
Ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó, ÿêà ìຠâåëèêó äåòàë³çàö³þ ³ êîíêðåòí³ñòü ïðîãðàìóâàííÿ ä³é ï³äïðèºìñòâà.
4.4.4.2 ªäèíà ïðîãðàìà de ìàðêåòèíãó
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Âçàºìîçâ'ÿçàíà ñèñòåìà ïðîãðàì ìàðêåòèíãó ïî îêðåìèõ ðèíêàõ ³ ïî ãðóïàõ îäíîð³äíî¿ ïðîäóêö³¿, ÿêà ñëóæèòü îñíîâîþ äëÿ ðîçðîáêè ïëàí³â íàóêîâî-äîñë³äíèõ ³ äîñë³äíî-êîíñòðóêòîðñüêèõ ðîá³ò, âèðîáíèöòâà, çáóòó, ñåðâ³ñó.
ïåðèîä âðåìåíè ïî âñåì áëîêàì ìàðêåòèíãà. Ôîðìèðóåòñÿ íà îñíîâå êîìïëåêñíîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ ðûíêà, âûÿâëåíèÿ çàïðîñîâ ïîêóïàòåëåé, ñòðàòåãèè è òàêòèêè ìàðêåòèíãà.
langfristiges Programm (n) des
Marketmgs (n)
long-term marketing program programme (m) du marketing a long
terme
äîëãîñðî÷íàÿ ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà
Ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà, êîòîðàÿ îõâàòûâàåò ìåðîïðèÿòèÿ, ðàññ÷èòàííûå íà äëèòåëüíûé ïåðèîä âðåìåíè ñîãëàñíî ïðèíÿòîé ñòðàòåãèè ìàðêåòèíãà.
kurzfristiges Marketingsprogramm (n)
short-term marketing program
programme (m) du marketing a court terme
êðàòêîñðî÷íàÿ ïðîãðàììà
ìàðêåòèíãà
Ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà, îáëàäàþùàÿ áîëüøîé äåòàëèçàöèåé è êîíêðåòíîñòüþ ïðîãðàììèðîâàíèÿ äåéñòâèé ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ.
Einheitsprogramm (m) des
marketings (n)
united marketing program
programme (m) unifié de marketing åäèíàÿ ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà
Âçàèìîñâÿçàííàÿ ñèñòåìà ïðîãðàìì ìàðêåòèíãà ïî îòäåëüíûì ðûíêàì è ïî ãðóïïàì îäíîðîäíîé ïðîäóêöèè, êîòîðàÿ ñëóæèò îñíîâîé äëÿ ðàçðàáîòêè ïëàíîâ íàó÷íî-èññëåäîâàòåëüñêèõ è îïûòíî-êîíñòðóêòîðñêèõ ðàáîò, ïðîèçâîäñòâà, ñáûòà, ñåðâèñà.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.42
4.4.5.1 Ìàðêåòèíãîâà ñëóæáà de
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Ñïåö³àëüíèé ï³äðîçä³ë ï³äïðèºìñòâà, ÿêèé 䳺 íà îñíîâ³ ïðèíöèï³â ³ ìåòîä³â ìàðêåòèíãó.
4.4.5.2 ijÿëüí³ñòü de ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ñëóæáè en
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Êîìïëåêñí³ ðîáîòè åêîíîì³÷íîãî, âàëþòíî-ô³íàíñîâîãî, ïëàíóþ÷îãî, òåõí³êî-âèðîáíè÷îãî, çáóòîâîãî ³ äîñë³äíèöüêîãî õàðàêòåðó.
4.4.5.3 Îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó de
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Ñòðóêòóðíà ïîáóäîâà äëÿ óïðàâë³ííÿ ìàðêåòèíãîâèìè ôóíêö³ÿìè, ÿêà âñòàíîâëþº ï³äïîðÿäêîâàí³ñòü ³ â³äïîâ³äàëüí³ñòü çà âèêîíàííÿ òèõ ÷è ³íøèõ çàâäàíü (ìîæå áóòè ôóíêö³îíàëüíî îð³ºíòîâàíà íà òîâàð àáî íà ðèíîê).
4.4.5.3.1 Îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó de çà ðèíêîâèì ïðèíöèïîì
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Ôîðìà îðãàí³çàö³¿ ñëóæáè ìàðêåòèíãó, çà ÿêî¿ îñíîâí³ ðèíêè çàêð³ïëþþòüñÿ çà óïðàâëÿþ÷èìè ðèíêàìè, ùî ñï³âïðàöþþòü ³ç ñïåö³àë³ñòàìè
marketinger Bereich (m) marketing service
service (m) marketing ìàðêåòèíãîâàÿ ñëóæáà
Ñïåöèàëüíîå ïîäðàçäåëåíèå ïðåäïðèÿòèÿ, äåéñòâóþùåå íà îñíîâå ïðèíöèïîâ è ìåòîäîâ ìàðêåòèíãà.
Tätigkeit (f) des Marketingsdienstes (m)
marketing services
activite (f) du service marketing
äåÿòåëüíîñòü ìàðêåòèíãîâîé ñëóæáû
Êîìïëåêñíûå ðàáîòû ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî, âàëþòíî-ôèíàíñîâîãî, ïëàíèðóþùåãî, òåõíèêî-ïðîèçâîäñòâåííîãî, ñáûòîâîãî è èññëåäîâàòåëüñêîãî õàðàêòåðà.
Marketingsorganisation (f)
market organization
organisation (f) du marketing îðãàíèçàöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà
Ñòðóêòóðíîå ïîñòðîåíèå äëÿ óïðàâëåíèÿ ìàðêåòèíãîâûìè ôóíêöèÿìè, óñòàíàâëèâàþùåå ïîä÷èíåííîñòü è îòâåòñòâåííîñòü çà âûïîëíåíèå òåõ èëè èíûõ çàäàíèé (ìîæåò áûòü ôóíêöèîíàëüíî îðèåíòèðîâàíî íà òîâàð èëè íà ðûíîê).
Marketingsorganisation (f) nach dem
Marktprinzip
market principle of marketing
organisation (f) du marketing par la principe marchand
îðãàíèçàöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà ïî
ðûíî÷íîìó ïðèíöèïó
Ôîðìà îðãàíèçàöèè ñëóæáû ìàðêåòèíãà, ïðè êîòîðîé îñíîâíûå ðûíêè çàêðåïëÿþòñÿ çà óïðàâëÿþùèìè ðûíêàìè, ñîòðóäíè÷àþùèìè ñî ñïåöèàëèñòàìè
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.43
ð³çíèõ ôóíêö³îíàëüíèõ ñëóæá ó ðîçðîáö³ ïëàí³â äëÿ ñâîãî ðèíêó.
4.4.5.3.2 Îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó de ç òîâàðíîãî âèðîáíèöòâà
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Ôîðìà îðãàí³çàö³¿ ñëóæáè ìàðêåòèíãó, çà ÿêî¿ âèðîáíèöòâîì êîæíîãî îêðåìîãî òîâàðó êåðóº âëàñíèé óïðàâëÿþ÷èé, ÿêèé ñï³âðîá³òíè÷ຠ³ç ñïåö³àë³ñòàìè ð³çíèõ ôóíêö³îíàëüíèõ ñëóæá ó ðîçðîáö³ ³ çä³éñíåíí³ ïëàí³â â³äíîñíî ñâîãî òîâàðó.
4.4.5.3.3 Ôóíêö³îíàëüíà de îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó en
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Îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ñëóæáè ìàðêåòèíãó, çà ÿêî¿ ð³çí³ ñïåö³àë³ñòè ç ìàðêåòèíãó êåðóþòü ð³çíèìè âèäàìè ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ä³ÿëüíîñò³ ³ ï³äïîðÿäêîâóþòüñÿ â³öå-ïðåçèäåíòó ç ìàðêåòèíãó.
ðàçëè÷íûõ ôóíêöèîíàëüíûõ ñëóæá â ðàçðàáîòêå ïëàíîâ äëÿ ñâîåãî ðûíêà.
Marketingsorganisation (f) nach der
Warenproduktion
marketing organization by production of commodities
organisation (f) du marketing par la
production de marchandise
îðãàíèçàöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà ïî
òîâàðíîìó ïðîèçâîäñòâó
Ôîðìà îðãàíèçàöèè ñëóæáû ìàðêåòèíãà, ïðè êîòîðîé ïðîèçâîäñòâîì êàæäîãî îòäåëüíîãî òîâàðà ðóêîâîäèò ñîáñòâåííûé óïðàâëÿþùèé, ñîòðóäíè÷àþùèé ñî ñïåöèàëèñòàìè ðàçëè÷íûõ ôóíêöèîíàëüíûõ ñëóæá â ðàçðàáîòêå è îñóùåñòâëåíèè ïëàíîâ â îòíîøåíèè ñâîåãî òîâàðà.
funktionale Marketingsorganisierung (f)
functional marketing organization
organisation (f) fonctionnelle du
marketing
ôóíêöèîíàëüíàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ
ìàðêåòèíãà
Îðãàíèçàöèÿ ñëóæáû ìàðêåòèíãà, ïðè êîòîðîé ðàçíûå ñïåöèàëèñòû ïî ìàðêåòèíãó ðóêîâîäÿò ðàçíûìè âèäàìè ìàðêåòèíãîâîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè è ïîä÷èíÿþòñÿ âèöå-ïðåçèäåíòó ïî ìàðêåòèíãó.
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.44
Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê óêðà¿íñüêèõ òåðì³í³â
Ðîçä³ë (ï³äðîçä³ë)
àâàíñ ...............................……………………………………….....4.2.10.2
àãåíò ...........................………………………………………….....4.3.4.1
àêðåäèòèâ ................……………………………………...............4.2.10.3
àíàë³ç çàãàëüíîåêîíîì³÷íî¿ ñèòóàö³¿ . ..........…………………...4.1.2.2
àíàë³ç êóëüòóðíèõ òà äåìîãðàô³÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â ....………….......4.1.2.3
àíàë³ç ïëàíó ìàðêåòèíãó ......................………………………….4.4.3.1
àíàë³ç ïîë³òè÷íèõ ôàêòîð³â ..................………………………....4.1.2.1
àíàë³ç ðîçì³ð³â ïîïèòó ...................……………………………...4.1.3.1.2
áåçïåêà ïðîäóêö³¿ ........................………………………………..4.2.4.2
áðîêåð ........................……………………………………….........4.3.4.2
âàëîâèé íàö³îíàëüíèé ïðîäóêò ............……………………........4.1.2.2.2
âàëîâèé ñóñï³ëüíèé ïðîäóêò ...................……………………….4.1.2.2.3
âåðòèêàëüíà ìàðêåòèíãîâà ñèñòåìà ...........…………………......4.3.4.4
âçàºìîçàì³íí³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ .................……………………….....4.2.3.1
â³äêðèòèé ðàõóíîê ........................……………………………….4.2.10.5
ãàðàíò³éíèé ñòðîê ó ì³æíàðîäí³é òîðã³âë³ ....……………..........4.2.9
äèâåðñèô³êàö³ÿ ...............…………………………………............4.1.2.5
äèëåð ................................………………………………………...4.3.4.6
ä³ÿëüí³ñòü ìàðêåòèíãîâî¿ ñëóæáè ...........…………………….....4.4.5.2
äåìï³íã (ö³í) ........................…………………………………......4.1.3.4.9
äåôëÿòîð .............................…………………………………….. 4.1.2.2.2.1
äîâãîñòðîêîâà ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó .......……………….......... 4.4.4.1.1
äîñë³äæåííÿ ïîïèòó .....................…………………………….... 4.1.3.1.1
äîñë³äæåííÿ òîâàðíîãî ðèíêó ...............……………………..... 4.1.2
åêîëîã³÷í³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ ..................…………………………..... 4.2.4.3
åìáàðãî ...............................……………………………………... 4.1.2.1.6
åëàñòè÷íèé ïîïèò ...........................…………………………….. 4.1.3.1.4
åëàñòè÷í³ñòü ïîïèòó .....................…………………………….... 4.1.3.1.3
åñòåòè÷í³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ ..................…………………………....... 4.2.4.4
ºäèíà ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó ...................……………………….. 4.4.4.2
çàñòîñóâàííÿ ìàðêåòèíãó ....................………………………..... 4.4.1.2.3
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.45
çíÿòòÿ âåðøê³â .........................……………………………….... 4.3.6.1
çóñòð³÷íå ïëàíóâàííÿ ìàðêåòèíãó .............…………………..... 4.4.3.5
³ìïîðòíà êâîòà ..........................……………………………….... 4.1.2.1.5
³íêàñî ................………………………………………................. 4.2.10.4
êàíàë ïðÿìîãî ìàðêåòèíãó, êàíàë íóëüîâîãî ð³âíÿ ..………..... 4.3.2.1
êàíàëè ðîçïîâñþäæåííÿ .................…………………………..... 4.3.2.3
êàíàëè òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ ..............…………………………....... 4.3.2
êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ ....…………………........... 4.2.1
êîíöåíòðîâàíèé ìàðêåòèíã …………………….. ...................... 4.4.1.2.1
êîìïëåêñ ìàðêåòèíãó .....................……………………………... 4.4.1.1.4
êîíöåïö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó .....................…………………………….. 4.4.1.1.1
êîí'þíêòóðà òîâàðíîãî ðèíêó ...........……………………........... 4.1.3
êîðîòêîñòðîêîâà ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó .......………………....... 4.4.4.1.2
ìàðêåòèíã ........................……………………………………....... 4.4.1.1
ìàðêåòèíãîâà ñëóæáà ...............……………………………......... 4.4.5.1
ìàðêåòèíãîâà ðåâ³ç³ÿ .....................…………………………….... 4.4.1.2.4
ìèòî ...............................………………………………………..... 4.1.2.1.3
ìèòíèé çá³ð ....................…………………………………............ 4.1.2.1.4
ìèòíèé òàðèô ............…………………………………................. 4.1.2.1.2
ì³æíàðîäí³ ñòàíäàðòè ................…………………………........... 4.2.8.1
ìîäèô³êàö³ÿ .......................…………………………………........ 4.3.5.5
íàö³îíàëüíèé äîõîä ....................……………………………...... 4.1.2.2.1
íååëàñòè÷íèé ïîïèò ..............……………………………........... 4.1.3.1.5
íåòàðèôí³ áàð'ºðè ...................…………………………….......… 4.1.2.1.7
íîâèé òîâàð ....................…………………………………........... 4.3.5.4
íîæèö³ ö³í ..............................…………………………………… 4.1.3.4.S
îïòîâà òîðã³âëÿ ..........................……………………………….... 4.3.4
îïòîâèê-ïîêóïåöü .........................………………………………. 4.3.4.3
îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó ......................…………………………... 4.4.5.3
îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó çà ðèíêîâèì ïðèíöèïîì .......………... 4.4.5.3.1
îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó çà òîâàðíèì âèðîáíèöòâîì .………..... 4.4.5.3.2
îð³ºíòàö³ÿ íà ðèíîê çáóòó . ...........………………………........... 4.4.2.1.9
îñíîâí³ òåõí³êî-åêîíîì³÷í³ ïîêàçíèêè ïðîäóêö³¿ ......………... 4.2.6
ïàáë³ñ³ò³ ...........................……………………………………....... 4.3.7.2
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.46
ïàòåíòíà ÷èñòîòà ..........................………………………………. 4.2.7
ïàòåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòü ....................…………………………....... 4.2.7.1
ïåðñîíàëüíèé ïðîäàæ .................…………………………......... 4.3.7.3
ïëàíóâàííÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ..................…………………………......... 4.3.5.3
ïëàíóâàííÿ òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ ......…………………….............. 4.3.1.1
ïîá³÷í³ êàíàëè òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ .............…………………..... 4.3.2.2
ïîïèò ..........................………………………………………........ 4.1.3.1
ïîòåíö³éíèé ïîïèò ...................……………………………........ 4.1.3.1.6
ïðîáíèé ìàðêåòèíã ..............……………………………............ 4.4.1.2.2
ïðîãðàìà ìàðêåòèíãó ...................……………………………..... 4.4.4.1
ïðîäóêö³ÿ ñâ³òîâîãî ð³âíÿ .......………………………................ 4.2.2
ïðîïîçèö³ÿ .............................…………………………………... 4.1.3.2
ïðîñóâàííÿ òîâàðó ..................……………………………......... 4.3.7
ïðîòåêö³îí³çì .......................………………………………....…. 4.1.2.1.1
ðèíîê ...............................………………………………………... 4.1.1.1
ðèíîê âèðîáíèêà .........................……………………………….. 4.1.1.4
ðèíîê ïîêóïöÿ ..........................……………………………….... 4.1.1.2
ðèíîê ïðîäàâöÿ .........................……………………………….... 4.1.1.3
ðèíîê ÷èñòî¿ êîíêóðåíö³¿ ...................………………………..... 4.1.1.5
ð³âåíü åêîíîì³÷íîñò³ ïðîäóêö³¿.............……………………....... 4.2.5
ð³âåíü ÿêîñò³ ...........................………………………………….... 4.2.4
ðåêëàìà ..................……………………………………................. 4.3.7.1
ðîçäð³áíà òîðã³âëÿ .......................……………………………..... 4.3.3
ðîçäð³áíà ôðàíøèçà ...................……………………………...... 4.3.3.1
ðîçïîä³ë íà ïðàâàõ âèíÿòêîâîñò³ ......………………….............. 4.3.4.5
ðîçðàõóíîê ö³íè íà îñíîâ³ ïðèíöèïó áåççáèòêîâîñò³ .……...... 4.3.6.3
ðîçðîáêà ïëàíó çâåðõó âíèç ….................…………………….... 4.4.3.3
ðîçðîáêà ïëàíó çíèçó ââåðõ….................……………………..... 4.4.3.4
ñâ³òîâèé ðèíîê ........................………………………………...... 4.1.1
ñåãìåíò ðèíêó ........................………………………………....... 4.1.2.4. l
ñåãìåíòàö³ÿ ðèíêó ...............…………………………….............. 4.1.2.4
ñåðâ³ñ ..............................………………………………………... 4.2.1.1
ñåðòèô³êàö³ÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ ....................…………………………..... 4.2.8
ñèñòåìà ìàðêåòèíãó ....................……………………………...... 4.4.1.1.3
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.47
ñïîæèâàííÿ ..........................…………………………………..... 4.1.3.3
ñòàíäàðòèçàö³ÿ ïðîäóêö³¿ äëÿ åêñïîðòó ....……………….......... 4.2.8.2
ñòèìóëþâàííÿ çáóòó ........................……………………………. 4.3.8
ñòðàòåã³÷íèé ïëàí ...................……………………………......... 4.4.3.2
ñòðàòåã³ÿ àêòèâíîãî âïëèâó ............………………………......... 4.4.2.1.1
ñòðàòåã³ÿ âåðòèêàëüíî¿ ³íòåãðàö³¿ ..............…………………..... 4.4.2.1.2
ñòðàòåã³ÿ äèâåðñèô³êàö³¿ ....................………………………….. 4.4.2.1.3
ñòðàòåã³ÿ äèôåðåíö³éîâàíîãî ìàðêåòèíãó ........……………..... 4.4.2.1.4
ñòðàòåã³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó ..................……………………………...... 4.4.2.1
ñòðàòåã³ÿ íèçüêèõ âèòðàò .................…………………………..... 4.4.2.1.5
ñòðàòåã³ÿ ï³äòðèìêè ð³âíÿ çáóòó ...........……………………...... 4.4.2.1.6
ñòðàòåã³ÿ ïîñòóïîâîãî çãîðòàííÿ îïåðàö³é ...........……………. 4.4.2.1.7
ñòðàòåã³ÿ ðîçðîáêè òîâàðó ...................………………………... 4.4.2.1.8
ñòðóêòóðà ìàðêåòèíãó .......................………………………….... 4.4.1.1.2
ñóì³ñí³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ ...................……………………………...... 4.2.3.2
òåõí³÷íèé ð³âåíü ïðîäóêö³¿ .............………………………........ 4.2.3
òåõíîëîã³÷í³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿.....................………………………... 4.2.3.3
òîâàðíà ïîë³òèêà.....................………………………………...... 4.3.5
òîâàðíà íîìåíêëàòóðà ..................…………………………....... 4.3.5.1
òîâàðíèé àñîðòèìåíò ......…………………………….................. 4.3.5.2
òîâàðíèé çíàê ..........................………………………………….. 4.2.7.2
òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ .....……………………………....................... 4.3.1
òîðãîâà ìàðêà .............…………………………………............... 4.3.5.6
óìîâè ïëàòåæó .....................………………………………....... 4.2.10
óïàêîâêà ............................…………………………………….... 4.3.5.7
óïðàâë³ííÿ ìàðêåòèíãîì ..................………………………….... 4.4.1.2
óñòàíîâëåííÿ äèñêðèì³íàö³éíèõ ö³í .………………................. 4.3.6.4
óñòàíîâëåííÿ çîíàëüíèõ ö³í ...............……………………........ 4.3.6.6
Óñòàíîâëåííÿ ö³íè íà îñíîâ³ çàêðèòèõ òîðã³â ........…………... 4.3.6.5
ôîðìè ðîçðàõóíê³â .........................…………………………….. 4.2.10.1
ôóíêö³îíàëüíà îðãàí³çàö³ÿ ìàðêåòèíãó .....………………........ 4.4.5.3.3
ö³íà………………………………………………………………. 4.1.3.4
Ö³íà áàçèñíà ........………………………………....................... 4.1.3.4.3
Ö³íà âèðîáíèöòâà ........................……………………………….. 4.1.3.4.1
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ö³íà äîâ³äêîâà ..........................……………………………….... 4.1.3.4.4
ö³íà äîãîâ³ðíà ...............…………………………………............. 4.1.3.4.6
ö³íà ÊÀÔ ............................……………………………………... 4.1.3.4.10
ö³íà êîíòðàêòíà ..........................………………………………... 4.1.3.4.5
ö³íà ïðîíèêíåííÿ íà ðèíîê ...............………………………...... 4.3.6.2
ö³íà ѯÔ. ..............................……………………………………. 4.1.3.4.11
ö³íà ñïîæèâà÷à ......................………………………………....... 4.1.3.4.2
ö³íè òðàíñôåðòí³, âíóòð³øíüîô³ðìîâ³ ..............………………. 4.1.3.4.7
ö³íà ÔÀÑ ........................……………………………………....... 4.1.3.4.12
ö³íà ÔÎÁ ..........................……………………………………..... 4.1.3.4.13
ö³íîâèé ìàðêåòèíã .............……………………………............... 4.3.6
ÿê³ñòü ïðîäóêö³¿ ..................……………………………….......... 4.2.4.1
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Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê í³ìåöüêèõ òåðì³í³â
Ðîçä³ë (ï³äðîçä³ë)
Absatzbörderung ................………………………………............ 4.3.8
Akkreditiv ..........................…………………………………....... 4.2.10.3
Analyse des Bedarfsaunsmaßes .........……………………........... 4.1.3.1.2
Analyse der gesamtökonomischen Situation…………….............. 4.1.2.2
Analyse der Kulturellen und demographischen Faktoren ....……. 4.1.2.3
Analyse des Marketingsplanes .............……………………......... 4.4.3.1
Analyse der politischen Factoren .................……………………. 4. l .2. l
Angebot ..............................……………………………………... 4.1.3.2
Ästhetikbarkeit der Produktion .................……………………... 4.2.4.4
Austauschbarkeit der Produktion .............……………………..... 4.2.3.1
Basischpreis ..............................………………………………… 4.1.3.4.3
Bedarf (Nachfrage) .......................…………………………….... 4.1.3.1
Bedarfsermittlung .....................……………………………........ 4.1.3.1.1
Broker ...............................…………………………………….... 4.3.4.2
Bruttonationalprodukt .............………………………….............. 4.1.2.2.2
cif-Preis ............................……………………………………..... 4.1.3.4.11
Dealer ................................…………………………………….... 4.3.4.6
Deflator ..............................……………………………………... 4.1.2.22.1
Diversifikation ......................………………………………........ 4.1.2.5
Dumping ...........................……………………………………..... 4.1.3.4.9
Einfuhrquate .....................…………………………………........ 4.1.2.1.5
Einführung der Ware ......................……………………………... 4.3.7
Emheitsprogramm des Marketings ......…………………............. 4.4.4.2
Einkassierung ..........................………………………………..... 4.2.10.4
Einzelfranchise .....................………………………………........ 4.3.3.1
Einzelhandel ........................…………………………………...... 4.3.3
elastischer Bedarf ........................……………………………..... 4.1.3.1.4
Elastizitäl der Nachfrage ..................…………………………..... 4.1.3.1.3
Embargo ...............................……………………………………. 4.1.2.1.6
fas-Preis .......................…………………………………….......... 4.1.3.4.12
Festsetzung von Diskriminierungspreise .......………………........ 4.3.6.4
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Festsetzung von Zonenpreise .................……………………….... 4.3.6.6
fob-Preis .................……………………………………................ 4.1.3.4,13
Forslung des Warenmarktes ………………………........................ 4. l .2
Formen der Berechnungen ..........…………………………............ 4.2.10.1
funktionale Marketingsorganisierung ..............………………….. 4.4.5.3.3
Garantielermin in den Welthandel ...............……………………... 4.2.9
Gegenplanung des Marketings .................………………………... 4.4.3.5
gesellchaftliches Gesamtprodukt ..............……………………...... 4.1.2.2.3
Großhandel…………………………………………………………4.3.4
Großhandelskaufer .......................………………………………... 4.3.4.3
indirekt Kanäle der Waren bewegung ............………………….... 4.3.2.2
internationale Standards ..................…………………………....... 4.2.8.1
Kaufmarkt ..............................……………………………………. 4.1.1.2
Konjunktur des Warenmarkts ..........……………………….......... 4.1.3
Konkurenzfähigkeit der Produktion ..............…………………..... 4.2.1
Konsum (Verbrauch) ......................…………………………….... 4.1.3.3
Kontraktpreis ...........................…………………………………... 4.1.3.4.5
konzentriertes Marketing ....................………………………….... 4.4.1.2.1
Kosten und Frachtpreis .....................…………………………..... 4.1.3.4.10
kurzfristiges Marketingsprogramm ..……………………............... 4.4.4.1.2
langfristiges Programm des Marketmgs ..………………............... 4.4.4. l. l
Leitung des Marketings ...............………………………….......... 4.4. l .2
Marketing ...................……………………………………............ 4.4.1.1
marketinge Revision .……………………………......................... 4.4. l .2.4
marketinger Bereich ........................……………………………... 4.4.5.1
Marketingsanwendung .....................……………………………... 4.4.1.2.3
Marketingskomplex .....................……………………………...... 4.4.1.1.4
Marketingskonzeption ................……………………………........ 4.4.1.1.1
Marketingsstruktur .......................……………………………….. 4.4.1.1.2
Marketingssystem .......……………………………….................... 4.4.1.1.3
Marketingsorganisation .....................…………………………..... 4.4.5.3
Marketingsorganisation nach dem Marktprinzip .....…………...... 4.4.5.3.1
Marketingsorganisation nach der Warenproduktion……… .......... 4.4.5.3.2
Marketingsprogramm ...................……………………………...... 4.4.4.1
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Markt ................................………………………………………. 4.1.1.1
Markt der Reinkonkurrenz .....………………………................... 4.1.1.5
Marktsegment ..........................………………………………..... 4.1.2.4.1
Marktsegmentation ................……………………………............ 4.1.2.4
Modifikation ...........................…………………………………... 4.3.5.5
Nachschlagepreis ....................………………………………........ 4.1.3.4.4
Nationaleinkommen……………………………………………….4.1.2.2.1
neu eingeführte Ware ....................……………………………..... 4.3.5.4
Niveau der Wirtschaftlichkeit der Produktion ..........………….... 4.2.5
offenes Konto ...........................……………………………….... 4.2.10.5
Ökologiebarkeit der Produktion .……………………................... 4.2.4.3
Orientierung auf den Absatzmarkt ...…………………................. 4.4.2.1.9
Patentfähigkeit ........................………………………………....... 4.2.7.1
Patentreinheit ........…………………………………..................... 4.2.7
Personalverkauf ..........................………………………………... 4.3.7.3
Planausarbeitung von oben nach unter ..............………………... 4.4.3.3
Planausarbeitung von unten nach oben .............………………... 4.4.3.4
Planung des Produktionsausstoßes ...............………………….... 4.3.5.3
Planung der Warenbewegung ..................……………………….. 4.3.1.1
Potentialbedarf ..........................……………………………….... 4.1.3.1.6
Preis ..................................………………………………………..4.1.3.4
Preisfestsetzung der geschlossenen Ausschreibung .....………..... 4.3.6.5
Preismarketing .....................…………………………………....... 4.3.6
Preis des Marktvorstoßes ................…………………………....... 4.3.6.2
Preisschere ...............................…………………………………. 4.1.3.4.8
Probenmarketing ......................………………………………...... 4.4.1.2.2
Produktionspreis ...................………………………………......... 4.1.3.4.1
Produzentmarkt .......................………………………………........4.1.1.1.4
Protektionismus .......………………………………...................... 4.1.2.1.1
Publizität ....................……………………………………............ 4.3.7.2
Qualitätsgrad ...........................…………………………………... 4.2.4
Qualität der Waren .................……………………………........... 4.2.4.1
Rahm Abschoplung ......................……………………………..... 4.3.6.1
Reklame ................................……………………………………. 4.3.7.1
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Service ..............................…………………………………….... 4.2.1.1
Sicherkeit der Produktion ...............……………………….......... 4.2.4.2
Strategie der aktiven Einwirkung ...................………………….. 4.4.2. l. l
Strategie der allmählichen Operationskürzung . …………........... 4.4.2.1.7
Strategie des differenzierten Marketmgs ...........……………….... 4.4.2.1.4
Strategie der Diversification ....................……………………….. 4.4.2.l.3
Strategie der kleinen Kosten ..................………………………... 4.4.2.1.5
Strategie des Marketmgs ............…………………………........... 4.4.2. l
Strategie der vertikalen Integration ...............…………………... 4.4.2.1.2
Strategie der Warengestaltung ..............……………………........ 4.4.2.1.8
strategischer Plan ................………………………………........... 4.4.3.2
Tätigkeit des Marketingsdienstes ....……………………............... 4.4.5.2
technisch-ökonomische Hauptwertzahlen ...……………….......... 4.2.6
technische Niveau der Produktion ..............…………………...... 4.2.3
technologiebarkeit der Produktion …………………..................... 4.2.3.3
Ubergabepreise (Verrechnungspreise) ..........………………........ 4.1.3.4.7
unelastischer Bedarf ................…………………………….......... 4.1.3.1.5
Untarifschranke ..........................………………………………... 4.1.2.1.7
Unterstutzungsstrategie des Absatzniveaus .........……………..... 4.4.2.1.6
Vereinbarkeit der Produktion ....................……….……………… 4.2.3.2
Vereinbarungspreis ..........................……………………………. 4.1.3.4.6
Verkäufermarkt ...........................……………………………….. 4.1.1.3
Verpackung ............................…………………………………... 4.3.5.7
Verrechnungspreis dem verlustlosen Arbeiten zugrunde .....……. 4.3.6.3
Verteilung auf Ausschließungsrechte ...............……………….... 4.3.4.5
Verteilungsweg ...........................……………………………….. 4.3.2.3
vertikales Marketingssystem ................………………………...... 4.3.4.4
Vertreter .........................……………………………………....... 4.3.4.1
Vorschuß ................................…………………………………... 4.2.10.2
Warenbewegung ....................………………………………........ 4.3.1
Warenpolitik .........................…………………………………..... 4.3.5
Warensortiment .................………………………………............ 4.3.5.2
Warenverzeichnis .......................……………………………….... 4.3.5.1
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Warenwege ..................………………………………….............. 4.3.2
Warenzeichen ..........…………………………………................... 4.2.7.2
Warezeichen …………………………………............................... 4.3.5.6
Weg des Nulstands ...........……………………………................. 4.3.2.1
Weltmarkt .....................…………………………………............ 4.1.1
Weltniveauproduktion ......…………………………….................. 4.2.2
Zahlungsbedingungen ...............……………………………......... 4.2.10
Zertifizierung der Produktion ....………………………................ 4.2.8
Zöllabgaben .............................………………………………….. 4.1.2.1.4
Zölle ...........................………………………………………....... 4.1.2.1.3
Zölltarife ...........................……………………………………..... 4.1.2.1.2
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Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê àíãë³éñüêèõ òåðì³í³â
Ðîçä³ë (ï³äðîçä³ë)
accessory (collateral) channels of distribution .....…………........ 4.3.2.2
advance .....................……………………………………............ 4.2.10.2
advertisement ...........................………………………………….. 4.3.7.1
aesthetic of products .............……………………………............. 4.2.4.4
agent .................................………………………………………. 4.3.4.1
assortment .......................……………………………………........ 4.3.5.2
auction by tender pricing ..........…………………………............. 4.3.6.5
base price .............................…………………………………….. 4.1.3.4.3
basic technical and economic indicies of products ......………...... 4.2.6
broker ............………………………………………..................... 4.3.4.2
buyer's market........................…………………………………..... 4.1.1.2
certification of products ............…………………………............ 4.2.8
channel of distribution .............…………………………............. 4.3.2.3
channels of distribution .................…………………………....... 4.3.2
collection ................................………………………………….. 4.2.10.4
commodity nomenclature ...............…………………………........ 4.3.5.1
compatibility of production ..............………………………......... 4.2.3.2
competitiveness of products ..............………………………....... 4.2.1
concept of marketing .......................………………..…………... 4.4.1.1.1
concentrated marketing ..................…………………………....... 4.4.1.2.1
consumer cost ........................………………………………....... 4.1.3.4.2
consumption ...................…………………………………........... 4.1.3.3
contract price .................…………………………………............ 4.1.3.4.5
cost .................................………………………………………... 4.1.3.4
cost and freight price ..............……………………………........... 4.1.34.10
cost insurance freight price .........………………………............... 4.1.3.4.11
counter planning .........................………………………………... 4.4.3.5
culture and demography factors analysis ............………………... 4.1.2.3
custom house fees ...........................…………………………….. 4.1.2.1.4
customs, custom(s) duty ............…………………………............ 4.1.2.1.3
customs tariff (duty rate) .................…………………………....... 4.1.2.1.2
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dealer ............................………………………………………..... 4.3.4.6
demand ............................……………………………………….... 4.1.3.1
demand analysis ..........................………………………………... 4.1.3.1.2
demand research ........................……………………………….... 4.1.3.1.1
deflator ................................……………………………………… 4.1.2.2.2.1
discriminatory pricing ......................…………………………….. 4.3.6.4
diversification .............…………………………………................ 4.1.2.5
dumping ...........................……………………………………...... 4.1.3.4.9
early-bid price .................…………………………………............ 4.3.6.2
ecology of products ......……………………………..................... 4.2.4.3
elastic demand ...........................……………………………….... 4.1.3.4.1
elasticity of demand .....................……………………………...... 4.1.3.1.3
embargo ......................……………………………………............ 4.1.2.1.6
exclusive distribution ..............……………………………........... 4.3.4.5
free alongside ship price ..................………….………………….. 4.1.3.4.12
free on board price .......................………………………………... 4.1.3.4.13
functional marketing organization .........……………………......... 4.4.5.3.3
general economic situation analysis ........…………………........... 4.1.2.2
guarantee in international commerce ...........…………………...... 4.2.9
gross national product ...................……………………………..... 4.1.2.2.2
gross social product ............……………………………............... 4.1.2.2.3
import quota ................…………..………………………............. 4.1.2.1.5
interchangeability ......................………………………………..... 4.2.3.1
international standards ..........…………………………….............. 4.2.8.1
letter of credit .................…………………………………............ 4.2.10.3
level of economic efficiency of products ........………………........ 4.2.5
level of quality .........................………………………………...... 4.2.4
Long-term marketing program ……………………...................... 4.4.4.1. l
low expenses strategy .....................…………………………….... 4.4.2.1.5
manner of payments ...................……………………….……...... 4.2.10.1
market .............................……………………………………….... 4.1.1.1
market conjuncture .........................………………………………. 4.1.3
market organization ....……………………………….................... 4.4.5.3
market orientation .......................……………………………….... 4.4.2.1.9
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market of pure competition ............................................................ 4.1.1.5
market principle of marketing ......................................................... 4.4.5.3.1
market research .............................................................................. 4.1.2
marketing ....................................................................................... 4.4.1.1
marketing analysis ......................................................................... 4.4.3.1
marketing audit .............................................................................. 4.4.1.2.4
marketing complex ......................................................................... 4.4.1.1.4
marketing management .................................................................. 4.4.1.2
marketing organization by production of commodities ................. 4.4.5.3.2
marketing program ......................................................................... 4.4.4.1
marketing realization ...................................................................... 4.4.1.2.3
marketing service ...........…............................................................. 4.4.5.1
marketing services ........................................................................... 4.4.5.2
marketing structure ......................................................................... 4.4.1.1.2
marketing system ........................................................................... 4.4.1.1.3
modification ................................................................................... 4.3.5.5
movement of goods ........................................................................ 4.3.1
national income .............................................................................. 4.1.2.2.1
negotiated price .............................................................................. 4.1.3.4.6
new product .................................................................................... 4.3.5.4
noninfringement guality of an invent ............................................. 4.2.7
non tariff barrier . ........................................................................... 4.1.2.1.7
offer ................................................................................................ 4.1.3.2
open account ................................................................................... 4.2.10.5
output planning .............................................................................. 4.3.5.3
packing............................................................................................ 4.3.5.7
patent ability ................................................................................... 4.2.7.1
personalsale .................................................................................... 4.3.7.3
political factors analysis ................................................................. 4.1.2.1
potential demand ............................................................................ 4.1.3.1.6
price marketing .............................................................................. 4.3.6
price scissors .................................................................................. 4.1.3.4.8
producer market ............................................................................. 4.1.1.4
productibility .................................................................................. 4.2.3.3
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production cost .............................................................................. 4.1.3.4.1
promotion ..................................................................................... 4.3.8
promotion planning ....................................................................... 4.3.1.1
protectionism ................................................................................. 4.1.2.1.1
publicity ....................................................................................... 4.3.7.2
quality of products ........................................................................ 4.2.4.1
reference price .............................................................................. 4.1.3.4.4
retail franchise .............................................................................. 4.3.3.1
retail sale ....................................................................................... 4.3.3
safety of products .......................................................................... 4.2.4.2
sales promotion ............................................................................. 4.3.7
sales strategy ................................................................................. 4.4.2.1.6
segmentation ................................................................................. 4.1.2.4
segment of market ........................................................................ 4.1.2.4.1
seller's market ................................................................................ 4.1.1.3
service ........................................................................................... 4.2.11
short-term marketing program ...................................................... 4.4.4.1.2
skim the cream ............................................................................... 4.3.6.1
standardization of products for export . ........................................ 4.2.8.2
strategic plan ................................................................................. 4.4.3.2
strategy of active influence ........................................................... 4.4.2.1.1
strategy of differential marketing .................................................. 4.4.2.1.4
strategy of diversification ............................................................. 4.4.2.1.3
strategy of gradual operation curtailment ...................................... 4.4.2.1.7
strategy of marketing .................................................................... 4.4.2.1
strategy of product elaboration ...................................................... 4.4.2.1.8
strategy of vertical integration ...................................................... 4.4.2.1.2
technical level of products ............................................................ 4.2.3
test marketing ................................................................................ 4.4.1.2.2
terms of payment .......................................................................... 4.2.10
top-down development .................................................................. 4.4.3.3
trademark ....................................................................................... 4.2.7.2
trade mark ..................................................................................... 4.3.5.6
trade policy ................................................................................... 4.3.5
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transfer prices ................................................................................. 4.1.3.4.7
under elastic demand ...................................................................... 4.1.3.1.5
united marketing program .............................................................. 4.4.4.2
upward plan development .............................................................. 4.4.3.4
vertical marketing system .............................................................. 4.3.4.4
wholesale customer (buyer) ........................................................... 4.3.4.3
wholesale trade .............................................................................. 4.3.4
without loss pricing ........................................................................ 4.3.6.3
world market .................................................................................. 4.1.1
world standards of products ........................................................... 4.2.2
zero level channel .......................................................................... 4.3.2.1
zone prising .................................................................................... 4.3.6.6
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Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê ôðàíöóçüêèõ òåðì³í³â
Ðîçä³ë (ï³äðîçä³ë)
Accrétitif. ....................................................................................... 4.2.10.3
activité du service marketing ........................................................ 4.4.5.2
administration du marketing ......................................................... 4.4.1.2
agent .............................................................................................. 4.3.4.1
analyse des facteurs culturels el demographies ............................ 4.1.2.3
analyse de la situation politique général ....................................... 4.1.2.2
analyse de plan du marketing . ...................................................... 4.4.3.1
analyse les facteurs politigue ........................................................ 4.1.2.1
analyse montant de la demande .................................................... 4.1.3.1.2
application du marketing .............................................................. 4.4.1.2.3
assortiment de marchandise .......................................................... 4.3.5.2
avance ........................................................................................... 4.2.10.2
audit marketing ............................................................................. 4.3.7
audit marketing .............................................................................. 4.4.1.2.4
barrières non tarifaires .................................................................. 4.1.2.1.7
broker ............................................................................................ 4.3.4.2
calculs le prix sur la base principe sans déficitaire ....................... 4.3.6.3
canals de courants ......................................................................... 4.3.2
canal de diffusion .......................................................................... 4.3.2.3
canals de niveau zero ..................................................................... 4.3.2.1
canals indirects de l'avancement marchandise .............................. 4.3.2.2
capacité de la patente ..................................................................... 4.2.7.1
ciseaux des prix ............................................................................. 4.1.3.4.8'
commerce de detail .......…............................................................. 4.3.3
commerce de gros .......................................................................... 4.3.4
compalibilité de la production ....................................................... 4.2.3.2
compétitivité de la production ...................................................... 4.2.1
complexe du marketing ................................................................. 4.4.1.1.4
comple ouvert ............................................................................... 4.2.10.5
concept du marketig ...................................................................... 4.4.1.1.1
Conjoncture du marché de marchandises .................................... 4.1.3
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.60
consommation ............................................................................... 4.1.3.3
contingent d'importation ............................................................... 4.1.2.1.5
courants ......................................................................................... 4.3.1
dealer ............................................................................................. 4.3 4.6
demande ........................................................................................ 4.1.3.1
demande élastique ......................................................................... 4.1.3.1.4
demande non élastique ................................................................... 4.1.3.1.5
deflator. ......................................................................................... 4.1.2.2.2.
demande potential .......................................................................... 4.1.3.1.6
dislocation le marche ..................................................................... 4.1.2.4
distribution exclusif ....................................................................... 4.3.4.5
diversification ................................................................................ 4.1.2.5
droit de douane .............................................................................. 4.1.2.1.3
dumping ......................................................................................... 4.1.3.4.9
écologique de la production ........................................................... 4.2.4.3
elasticité de la demande ................................................................ 4.1.3.1 3
elaboration du plan d'en bas en haul .............................................. 4.4.3.4
elaboraüon du plan d'en haut en bas .............................................. 4.4.3.3
emballage ....................................................................................... 4.3.5.7
embargo …..................................................................................... 4.1.2.1.6
encaissement ................................................................................. 4.2.10.4
enlèvement de la crème fraiche ..................................................... 4.3.6.1
esthétique de la production ............................................................ 4.2.4 4
franchise de detail .......................................................................... 4.3.3.1
fixation du prix discriminatoire ...................................................... 4.3.6.4
fixation du prix sur la base abjudication fermé …………............. 4.3.6.5
fixation du prix zonales ....................…………………………..... 4.3.6.6
formes des règlements ...................…………………………........ 4.2.10.1
grossiste ..........................……………………………………....... 4.3.4.3
incitation á l'écoulement ....………………………….................... 4.3.8
indices principal economique el ecogenique de la production ...... 4.2.6
interreplacement de la production .............……………………..... 4.2.3.1
marhandise nouvelle ......................…………………………….... 4.3.5.4
marché................……………………………………………........ 4.1.1.1
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.61
marché acheteur ....................………………………………........ 4.1.1.2
marché de concurrence pure .........………………………............ 4.1.1.5
marché mondial ........................………………………………..... 4.1.1
marché producteur .......................……………………………..... 4.1.1.4
marché vendeur .......................………………………………..... 4.1.1.3
marke de commerce ................…………………………….......... 4.3.5.6
marketing .............................…………………………………..... 4.4.1.1
marketing concentre ....................……………………………...... 4.4.1.2.1
marketing d'essai .......................……………………………….... 4.4.1.2.2
marketing du prix ...................…………………………….......... 4.3.6
marque de commerce .............………………………….............. 4.2.7.2
modification ..........................………………………………….... 4.3.5.5
niveau economique de la production .................……………….. 4.2.5
niveau en qualité .......................……………………………….... 4.2.4
niveau techniquement de la production .............………………... 4.2.3
nomenclature de marchandise ....................…………………….. 4.3.5.1
orientation sur le marché débouché ...............…………………... 4.4.2.1.9
organisation du marketing ...............………………………......... 4.4.5.3
organisation du marketing par la principe marchaud ......……….. 4.4.5.3.1
organisation du marketing par la production de marchandise …... 4.4.5.3.2
organisation fonctionelle du marketing .....………………........... 4.4.5.3.3
pabliciti ................……………………………………................. 4.3.7.2
part du marché .......………………………………….................... 4.1.2.4.1
period de la garantie en commerce international ...…………....... 4.2.9
plan stratégique ......................………………………………....... 4.4.3.2
Panification de courants ............…………………………............ 4.3.1.1
Panification du produits .......................…………………………. 4.3.5.3
politique de marchandise ..................…………………………..... 4.3.5
prix. ............................………………………………………...... 4.1.3.1
prix de base ...............…………………………………................ 4.1.3.4.3
prix de accord .............……………………………….................. 4.1.3.4.6
prix de consommation ..........…………………………................ 4.1.3.4.2
ptix CAP (coud, assurance, fret) ....……………………............... 4.1.3.4.11
pã³õ C&F (coût et fret) .....................………………………….... 4.1.3.4.10
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prix contractuel ...................………………………………........... 4.1.3.4.5
prix de la penetration sur le marché ..............…………………..... 4.3.6.2
prix de production ................…………………………….............. 4.1.3.4.1
prix de référence ...................………………………………......... 4.1.3.4.4
prix de transfert ..................………………………………........... 4.1.3.4.7
prix FAS (franco le long du navire) .........…………………......... 4.1.3.4.12
prix FOB (franco dord) ................…………………………......... 4.1.3.4.13
production au point de vue technique ..............………………….. 4.2.3.3
production du niveaue mondial.................……………………..... 4.2.2
produit materiel brut .................……………………………......... 4.1.2.2-3
produit national brut ................…………………………….......... 4.1.2.2.2
programme du marketing ............…………………………........... 4.4.4.1
programme du marketing a court terme .......………………......... 4.4.4.1.2
programme du marketing a long terme ....………………............. 4.4.4.1.1
programme unifié du marketing ..................…………………….. 4.4.4.2
proposition (offre) ........................……………………………..... 4.1.3.2
prospecter marche de marchandises .......…………………........... 4.1.2
protectionnisme ...........................……………………………….. 4.1.2.1.1
purété de la patente .........…………………………….................. 4.2.7
qualite de la production ......…………………………................... 4.2.4.1
recherche de demande ..........…………………………................ 4.1.3.1.1
reclame .................……………………………………................. 4.3.7.1
rencontre planning du marketing ....……………………............... 4.4.3.5
revenu national .........................………………………………..... 4.1.2.2.1
sécurité de la production ............…………………………............ 4.2.4.2
service ..............……………………………………….................. 4.2.11
service marketing .......................……………………………….... 4.4.5.1
sertification de la production ......………………………............... 4.2.8
standart international .....................…………………………….... 4.2.8.1
standardisation de la production la exportation ....…………........ 4.2.8.2
strategie de élaboration de marchandise ...............………………. 4.4.2.1.8
strategie de la diversification ...................……………………….. 4.4.2.1.3
strategie de l'integration en amont ........…………………............. 4.4.2.1.2
strategie de l'influence active ...................……………………….. 4.1.2.1.1
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sfrategie de progressif plier operation ....…………………............ 4.4.2.1.7
sfrategie de grave coûts ...............…………………………........... 4.4.2.1.5
sfrategie du maintien le niveau de vent ..........………………........ 4.4.2.1.6
stratégie du marketing ......................…………………………….. 4.4.2.1
sfrategie du marketing différent .....……………………................. 4.4.2.1.4
structure du marketing .......................……………………………. 4.4.1.1.2
systeme vertical du marketing .........………………………........... 4.3.4.4
systeme du marketing ...............…………………………….......... 4.4.1.1.3
tarif de douane .........................…………………………………... 4.1.2.1.2
taxe de douane ..........................………………………………….. 4.1.2.1.4
termes de règlement .................…………………………….......... 4.2. l .0
vente personnelle .....................………………………………....... 4.3.7.3
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Àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê ðîñ³éñüêèõ òåðì³í³â
Ðîçä³ë (ï³äðîçä³ë)
àâàíñ .............................................................................................. 4.2.10.2
àãåíò ............................................................................................. 4.3.4.1
àêêðåäèòèâ ................................................................................... 4.2.10.3
àíàëèç êóëüòóðíûõ è äåìîãðàôè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ ................... 4.1.2.3
àíàëèç ïëàíà ìàðêåòèíãà ............................................................. 4.4.3.1
àíàëèç îáùåýêîíîìè÷åñêîé ñèòóàöèè ....................................... 4.1.2.2
àíàëèç ïîëèòè÷åñêèõ ôàêòîðîâ ................................................. 4.1.2.1
àíàëèç ðàçìåðîâ ñïðîñà .............................................................. 4.1.3.1.2
áåçîïàñíîñòü ïðîäóêöèè ............................................................ 4.2.4.2
áðîêåð ........................................................................................... 4.3.4.2
âàëîâîé íàöèîíàëüíûé ïðîäóêò ................................................. 4.1.2.2.2
âàëîâîé îáùåñòâåííûé ïðîäóêò ................................................. 4.1.2.2.3
âåðòèêàëüíàÿ ìàðêåòèíãîâàÿ ñèñòåìà ........................................ 4.3.4.4
âçàèìîçàìåíÿåìîñòü ïðîäóêöèè ................................................ 4.2.3.1
âñòðå÷íîå ïëàíèðîâàíèå ìàðêåòèíãà ........................................ 4.4.3.5
ãàðàíòèéíûé ñðîê â ìåæäóíàðîäíîé òîðãîâëå ........................ 4.2.9
äåìïèíã (öåí) .............................................................................. 4.1.3.4.9
äåôëÿòîð ....................................................................................... 4.1.2.2.2.1
äåÿòåëüíîñòü ìàðêåòèíãîâîé ñëóæáû ....................................... 4.4.5.2
äèâåðñèôèêàöèÿ .......................................................................... 4.1.2.5
äèëåð.............................................................................................. 4.3.4.6
äîëãîñðî÷íàÿ ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà ....................................... 4.4.4.1. l
åäèíàÿ ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà ................................................... 4.4.4.2
èìïîðòíàÿ êâîòà .......................................................................... 4.1.2.1.5
èíêàññî ......................................................................................... 4.2.10.4
èññëåäîâàíèå ñïðîñà ................................................................... 4.1.3.1.1
èññëåäîâàíèå òîâàðíîãî ðûíêà ................................................... 4.1.2
êàíàë ïðÿìîãî ìàðêåòèíãà, êàíàë íóëåâîãî óðîâíÿ ................. 4.3.2.1
êàíàë ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèÿ ............................................................... 4.3.2.3
êàíàëû òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèÿ ........................................................ 4.3.2
êà÷åñòâî ïðîäóêöèè .................................................................... 4.2.4.1
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êîìïëåêñ ìàðêåòèíãà .................................................................. 4.4.1.1.4
êîíêóðåíòîñïîñîáíîñòü ïðîäóêöèè ........................................... 4.2.1
êîíöåíòðèðîâàííûé ìàðêåòèíã ................................................. 4.4.1.2.1
êîíöåïöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà ................................................................ 4.4.1.1.1
êîíúþíêòóðà òîâàðíîãî ðûíêà .................................................. 4.1.3
êîñâåííûå êàíàëû òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèÿ .................................... 4.3.2.2
êðàòêîñðî÷íàÿ ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà ...................................... 4.4.4.1.2
ìàðêåòèíã ...................................................................................... 4.4.1.1
ìàðêåòèíãîâàÿ ðåâèçèÿ ............................................................... 4.4.1.2.4
ìàðêåòèíãîâàÿ ñëóæáà ................................................................ 4.4.5.1
ìåæäóíàðîäíûå ñòàíäàðòû ........................................................ 4.2.8.1
ìèðîâîé ðûíîê............................................................................. 4.1.1
ìîäèôèêàöèÿ ............................................................................... 4.3.5.5
íàöèîíàëüíûé äîõîä ................................................................... 4.1.2.2.1
íåòàðèôíûå áàðüåðû ................................................................... 4.1.2.1.7
íåýëàñòè÷íûé ñïðîñ .................................................................... 4.1.3.1.5
íîâûé òîâàð ................................................................................. 4.3.5.4
íîæíèöû öåí ................................................................................ 4.1.3.4.8
îïòîâàÿ òîðãîâëÿ ......................................................................... 4.3.4
îðãàíèçàöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà ............................................................. 4.4.5.3
îðãàíèçàöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà ïî ðûíî÷íîìó ïðèíöèïó ................. 4.4.5.3.1
îðãàíèçàöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà ïî òîâàðíîìó ïðîèçâîäñòâó ............ 4.4.5.3.2
îðèåíòàöèÿ íà ðûíîê ñáûòà ....................................................... 4.4.2.1.9
îïòîâèê-ïîêóïàòåëü .................................................................... 4.3.4.3
îñíîâíûå òåõíèêî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèå ïîêàçàòåëè ïðîäóêöèè ..... 4.2.6
îòêðûòûé ñ÷åò ............................................................................. 4.2.10.5
ïàáëèñèòè ..................................................................................... 4.3.7.2
ïàòåíòíàÿ ÷èñòîòà ....................................................................... 4.2 7
ïàòåíòîñïîñîáíîñòü .................................................................... 4.2.7.1
ïåðñîíàëüíàÿ ïðîäàæà ................................................................. 4.3.7.3
ïëàíèðîâàíèå ïðîäóêöèè ........................................................... 4.3.5.3
ïëàíèðîâàíèå òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèÿ ........................................... 4.3.1.1
ïîòåíöèàëüíûé ñïðîñ ................................................................. 4.1.3.1.6
ïîòðåáëåíèå ................................................................................. 4.1.3.3
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ïðåäëîæåíèå ................................................................................. 4.1.3.2
ïðèìåíåíèå ìàðêåòèíãà ............................................................... 4.4.1.2.3
ïðîáíûé ìàðêåòèíã ...................................................................... 4.4.1.2.2
ïðîãðàììà ìàðêåòèíãà ................................................................. 4.3.7
ïðîäóêöèÿ ìèðîâîãî óðîâíÿ ........................................................ 4.2.2
ïðîòåêöèîíèçì .............................................................................. 4.1.2.1.1
ðàçðàáîòêà ïëàíà ñâåðõó âíèç ..................................................... 4.4.3.3
ðàçðàáîòêà ïëàíà ñíèçó ââåðõ ..................................................... 4.4.3.4
ðàñïðåäåëåíèå íà ïðàâàõ èñêëþ÷èòåëüíîñòè ............................ 4.3.4.5
ðàñ÷åò öåíû íà îñíîâå ïðèíöèïà áåçóáûòî÷íîñòè ................... 4.3.6.3
ðåêëàìà .......................................................................................... 4.3.7.1
ðîçíè÷íàÿ òîðãîâëÿ ...................................................................... 4.3.3
ðîçíè÷íàÿ ôðàíøèçà .................................................................... 4.3.3.1
ðûíîê ............................................................................................. 4.1.1.1
ðûíîê ÷èñòîé êîíêóðåíöèè ........................................................ 4.1.1.3
ðûíîê ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ .................................................................. 4.1.1.4
ñåãìåíò ðûíêà .............................................................................. 4.1.2.4.1
ñåãìåíòàöèÿ ðûíêà ....................................................................... 4.1.2.4
ñåðâèñ ............................................................................................ 4.2.1.1
ñåðòèôèêàöèÿ ïðîäóêöèè ........................................................... 4.2.8
ñèñòåìà ìàðêåòèíãà ..................................................................... 4.4.1.1.3
ñîâìåñòèìîñòü ïðîäóêöèè .......................................................... 4.2.3.2
ñíÿòèå ñëèâîê ............................................................................... 4.3.6.1
ñïðîñ .............................................................................................. 4.1.3.1
ñòàíäàðòèçàöèÿ ïðîäóêöèè äëÿ ýêñïîðòà .................................. 4.2.8.2
ñòèìóëèðîâàíèå ñáûòà ................................................................. 4.3.8
ñòðàòåãè÷åñêèé ïëàí ................................................................... 4.4.3.2
ñòðàòåãèÿ àêòèâíîãî âîçäåéñòâèÿ .............................................. 4.4.2.1.1
ñòðàòåãèÿ âåðòèêàëüíîé èíòåãðàöèè .......................................... 4.4.2.1.2
ñòðàòåãèÿ äèâåðñèôèêàöèè ......................................................... 4.4.2.1.3
ñòðàòåãèÿ äèôôåðåíöèðîâàííîãî ìàðêåòèíãà ........................... 4.4.2.1.4
ñòðàòåãèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà .................................................................. 4.4.2.1
ñòðàòåãèÿ íèçêèõ èçäåðæåê ........................................................ 4.4.2.1.5
ñòðàòåãèÿ ïîääåðæàíèÿ óðîâíÿ ñáûòà ....................................... 4.4.2.1.6
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ñòðàòåãèÿ ïîñòåïåííîãî ñâîðà÷èâàíèÿ îïåðàöèé ..................... 4.4.2.1.7
ñòðàòåãèÿ ðàçðàáîòêè òîâàðà ...................................................... 4.4.2.1.8
ñòðóêòóðà ìàðêåòèíãà ................................................................. 4.4.1.1.2
òàìîæåííûå ñáîðû ..................................................................... 4.1.2.1.4
òàìîæåííûå ïîøëèíû ................................................................ 4.1.2.1.3
òàìîæåííûé òàðèô ..................................................................... 4.1.2.1.2
òåõíè÷åñêèé óðîâåíü ïðîäóêöèè ............................................... 4.2.3
òåõíîëîãè÷íîñòü ïðîäóêöèè ...................................................... 4.2.3.3
òîðãîâàÿ ìàðêà ............................................................................. 4.3.5.6
òîâàðíàÿ ïîëèòèêà ...................................................................... 4.3.5
òîâàðíàÿ íîìåíêëàòóðà ............................................................... 4.3.5.1
òîâàðíûé àññîðòèìåíò ................................................................ 4.3.5.2
òîâàðíûé çíàê .............................................................................. 4.2.7.9
òîâàðîïðîäâèæåíèå ..................................................................... 4.3.1
óïàêîâêà ....................................................................................... 4.3.5.7
óïðàâëåíèå ìàðêåòèíãîì ............................................................ 4.4.1.2
óðîâåíü ýêîíîìè÷íîñòè ïðîäóêöèè ............................................4.2.5
óðîâåíü êà÷åñòâà .......................................................................... 4.2.4
óñëîâèÿ ïëàòåæà .......................................................................... 4.2.10
óñòàíîâëåíèå äèñêðèìèíàöèîííûõ öåí ................................... 4.3.6.4
óñòàíîâëåíèå çîíàëüíûõ öåí ..................................................... 4.3.6.6
óñòàíîâëåíèå öåíû íà îñíîâå çàêðûòûõ òîðãîâ ...................... 4.3.6.5
ôîðìû ðàñ÷åòîâ ........................................................................... 4.2.10.1
ôóíêöèîíàëüíàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ ìàðêåòèíãà ................................ 4.4.5.3.3
öåíà ............................................................................................... 4.1.3.4
öåíà áàçèñíàÿ ............................................................................... 4.1.3.4.3
öåíà äîãîâîðíàÿ ........................................................................... 4.1.3.4.6
öåíà ÊÀÔ ..................................................................................... 4.1.3.4.10
öåíà êîíòðàêòíàÿ ......................................................................... 4.1.3.4.5
öåíà ïîòðåáèòåëÿ ......................................................................... 4.1.3.4.2
öåíà ïðîèçâîäñòâà ........................................................................ 4.1.3.4.1
öåíà ïðîíèêíîâåíèÿ íà ðûíîê .................................................... 4.3.6.2
öåíà ÑÈÔ ..................................................................................... 4.1.3.4.11
öåíà ñïðàâî÷íàÿ .......................................................................... 4.1.3.4.
öåíà ÔÎÁ ........................................................................................ 4.1.3.4.13
öåíà ÔÀÑ ...................................................................................... 4.1.3.4.12
öåíîâîé ìàðêåòèíã ....................................................................... 4.3.6
öåíû òðàíñôåðòíûå, âíóòðèôèðìåííûå .................................... 4.1.3.4.7
ýêîëîãè÷íîñòü ïðîäóêöèè ............................................................ 4.2.4.3
ýëàñòè÷íîñòü ñïðîñà ..................................................................... 4.1.3.1.3
ýëàñòè÷íûé ñïðîñ .......................................................................... 4.1.3.1.4
ýìáàðãî ......................................................................................... 4.1.2.1.6
ýñòåòè÷íîñòü ïðîäóêöèè .............................................................. 4.2.4.4
ÄÑÒÓ Á À.1.1-68-95 ñ.69
ÓÄÊ: 339.138/477; 691/006.05
Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: çàðóá³æí³ ðèíêè; êîíêóðåíòîñïðîìîæí³ñòü;
òîâàðîïðîñóâàííÿ; ìàðêåòèíãîâà ä³ÿëüí³ñòü; àëôàâ³òíèé ïîêàæ÷èê.
Êîðåêòîð - À.Î.Ëóêîâñüêà
Êîìï'þòåðíà âåðñòêà - Â.Á.×óêàøê³íà ³äïîâ³äàëüíèé çà âèïóñê - Â.Ì.×åñíîê Óêðàðõáóä³íôîðì 01133, Êè¿â-133, áóëüâàð Ëåñ³ Óêðà¿íêè, 26